Abstract
A two-variable microwave technique, which has been suggested for density-independent in-line moisture content measurement has been studied for several brands of instant coffee and milk powder. The technique was found to provide a moisture measurement significantly less density-dependent than the usual microwave absorption method. A further refinement of the technique is reported, which not only eliminates the residual density dependence, and thus the error in the moisture measurement resulting from density variations, but also yields a simultaneous in-line determination of the bulk density of the product. The influence of temperature, solids composition and particle size of the coffee and milk powders on the calibration characteristics is also reported.
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