Abstract
Friction stir welding (FSW) is an efficient technique which can be used particularly for magnesium and aluminum alloys that are difficult to fusion weld. In this work AZ91D Mg alloy plates 3mm thick were friction stir welded at different process variables such as rotational speed and welding speed. The range of rotational speeds varied from 1025 to 1525 rpm, and the welding speed varied from 25 to 75 mm/min. Good quality welds were obtained under 1025 rpm of rotational speed with the welding speeds range from 25 to 75 mm/min. The microstructure of the AZ91D alloy consists of primary α-phase, eutectic α-phase and eutectic β (Mg17Al12) phase in the received condition (gravity die cast). The original dendrite grain structure completely disappeared and was transformed to fine equiaxed grains in stir zone (SZ). It was observed that there was a slight increase in hardness in SZ, because of fine recrystallized grain structure. The transverse tensile test results of weld specimens indicated constant strength irrespective of traveling speed. Fractrographic analysis of the friction stir welded specimens showed the brittle failure.
Highlights
Magnesium based alloys are emerging as an essential engineering materials, especially in the automobile and aerospace sectors, because of their high damping capacity and recyclability, high strength-to-weight ratio, low density [1]
Won-Bae Lee et al [13] investigated joint characteristics of friction stir welded AZ91D magnesium alloy joints and reported that β intermetallic phase was dissolved in the stir zone due to frictional heat input
Cavaliere et al [17] have investigated the effect of friction stir processing (FSP) on superplastic nature of AZ91 magnesium alloy and reported that it exhibited good ductile and strength properties due to fine structure by processing route at room temperature when compared to base metal
Summary
Magnesium based alloys are emerging as an essential engineering materials, especially in the automobile and aerospace sectors, because of their high damping capacity and recyclability, high strength-to-weight ratio, low density [1]. Won-Bae Lee et al [13] investigated joint characteristics of friction stir welded AZ91D magnesium alloy joints and reported that β intermetallic phase was dissolved in the stir zone due to frictional heat input.
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