Abstract
BackgroundThe bisexual fertile tetraploid fish is important in biological evolution. Tetraploid fish fertility is the key factor for stable inheritance. Therefore, elucidating tetraploid fish fertility at the molecular level is essential. MicroRNAs regulate gene expression and are involved in many aspects of gonad development.MethodsTotal RNA was isolated using TRIzol, followed by constructing small RNA libraries. And then, the qualified libraries were sequenced with the HiSeq 2500 SE50 system. The obtained clean reads were analyzed to identify conserved and novel miRNAs, and evaluate the expression, and also predict the target genes. The differential expressions of miRNAs were confirmed by RT-PCR.ResultsIn this study, allotetraploid hybrid fish (4nAT) and diploid red crucian carp (RCC) ovaries were used to compare miRNA profiles. The results indicated that most of the highly expressed miRNAs were closely correlated with ovary maturation, and displayed no significant differences in expression. Moreover, 34 up-regulated and nine down-regulated miRNAs were found in 4nAT. The differentially expressed miRNAs were primarily involved in metabolism, defense mechanisms, and cytoskeleton production.ConclusionsThis is the first study to provide new epigenetic evidences for tetraploid fish fertility and phenotypic changes as a result of increased ploidy.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12863-015-0276-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
The bisexual fertile tetraploid fish is important in biological evolution
This study provides epigenetic evidences for female The allotetraploid hybrids (4nAT) fertility and phenotypic changes resulting from increased ploidy
General description of miRNA libraries In this study, we chose diploid red crucian carp (RCC) and 4nAT ovaries to analyze gene expression and regulation coupled with species evolution driven by polyploidy
Summary
The bisexual fertile tetraploid fish is important in biological evolution. Tetraploid fish fertility is the key factor for stable inheritance. Elucidating tetraploid fish fertility at the molecular level is essential. Polyploidization is one of important features of species evolution [1, 2]. Duplication of the whole genome was proved to be occurred during long-term evolution of many eukaryotes [3]. Polyploid organisms contain at least three or more complete chromosome sets, with four being the most common (tetraploidy) [5]. Polyploidy is divided into autopolyploidy and allopolyploidy. Allopolyploidy involves distant hybridization and duplication of divergent parental genomes, this induces more rapid genome evolution than autopolyploidy [6]. The allopolyploid individual, with more than two differential genomes in the same nucleus, must experience challenges
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