Abstract
Microfluidic devices are based upon the behavior of fluids at the microenvironment level. They offer innumerable applications in the field of science and technology. Their scope is not limited to single field and now have applications in various fields such as biomedical, energy, chemicals and environment as well. Their major advantages are low experiment to cost ratio, and fast response time. Surface wettability is one of the factors contributing to the working of microfluidic devices. Surface wettability measurement is a very critical technique to measure the flow of micro fluids in microfluidic applications. In microfluidic devices the detection of small volume change with change in fluid properties is very minor because of the micrometer range. In order to detect this small change in micrometer range, an in situ wetting measurement is required. In this chapter, we have discussed about types of taxis, microfluidic devices: an application of taxis, microfluidic applications and role of surface wettability in microfluidic devices.
Highlights
The era of microfluidics started in 1980s with the development of silicon etching procedures which were made for microelectronics industry
The displacement of fluid takes place continuously, and it is very difficult to measure wettability
Surface wettability is an essential factor in the development of microfluidics
Summary
The era of microfluidics started in 1980s with the development of silicon etching procedures which were made for microelectronics industry This paved way for manufacturing of first of its kind devices called Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS). In the 1990s, researchers explored applications of these devices in the field of biology, chemistry and biomedical They used these devices for controlling liquid’s movement in micro channels which paved way for microfluidics. Micro channels are molded or etched over the silicon, glass or various polymer materials such as PolyDimethylSiloxane These types of devices are vastly being used in all the fields of research, diagnostics and therapeutics. The micro channels are formed to attain the desired result which can consist of: mixing, sorting, pumping or controlling the biochemical microenvironment They have the advantage of decreasing the response time and experimental consumables and overall cost. Surface heterogeneity and solution impurity are the key parameter which affects the wettability of microfluidic device
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