Microbiological substantiation and efficiency of using erbium and neodymium lasers in patients with inflammatory diseases of periodontium and peri-implantation tissues

Abstract

In connection with the preservation of a rather high percentage of inflammatory periodontal diseases among dental patients, an urgent problem of their effective treatment with the possibility of achieving the least favorable postoperative course stays actual. In order to improve the efficiency of treatment of patients in this category, we conducted a study that analyzed the results of treatment of 100 patients with generalized marginal periodontitis and periimplantitis using traditional techniques and using neodymium and erbium lasers. Monitoring the effectiveness of treatment was based on bacteriological, clinical and radiation research methods. The results of quantitative monitoring of the microbiota of the postoperative wound, conducted in our study, indicate that the dynamics of contamination when using traditional surgical and laser technologies are fundamentally different. With the traditional technique of surgical intervention on the 3rd day there is a maximum level of microbial colonization of 8.2±0.4, which creates the risk of developing inflammatory complications, while using laser technology the level of microbial colonization in these terms is significantly lower than after traditional surgery: 4.4±0.3 (using the Nd:YAG laser) and 5.9±0.4 (using the Er:YAG laser). This level of colonization is within the normal content of the resident (normal) microbiota on the oral mucosa.