Microbiological profile and antibiotic resistance of urinary tract infections in Maternity and Children Hospital, Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia within 2022

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to characterize the antibiotic sensitivity, microbial resistance, and prevalence of the bacteria responsible for urinary tract infections (UTIs) at Maternity and Children Hospital (MCH), Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia. Methods: Analysis was done on 1273 culture samples that were processed in the microbiology lab between January and December of 2022. Results: In all, 1273 urine culture (UC) samples were gathered. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 46.9% of the 1273 positive UC, followed by Gram-positive bacteria with 28.8%, fungal pathogens with 13.1%, and Gram-negative non-fermenting bacteria with 11.2%. The most common uropathogenic organism (76.8%) was Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which was followed by Escherichia coli (55.6%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (22.9%), and Klebsiella pneumonia (24.3%). Candida albicans (69.5%) was determined to be the most frequent agent in terms of fungus, followed by C. glabrata (19.2%). The study revealed that the bacterial isolates exhibited effective resistance to antimicrobial drugs such as Amikacin, Cefepime, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, imipenem, Levofloxacin, and Piperacillin/Tazobactam when administered against Gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, the most effective antibiotics against Gram‑positive was Erythromycin but were sensitive to Vancomycin. Conclusions: One of the most typical infections that affect women is bacterial urinary tract infection. Using antibiotics for a very long time, and their misuse will result in the widespread growth of resistant bacteria.