Abstract
A novel composite and functional micro-nanometer particle is designed by the hydrolysis of aluminium isopropoxide on the surface of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) to prepare surface nanostructured ammonium polyphosphate (NSAPP). NSAPP is characterised by XPS, XRF, SEM, water solubility tests, and TGA. Results indicate that nanosized aluminium hydroxide is deposited on the surface of NSAPP, which enhanced its water resistance and thermostability. Then, APP and NSAPP coupled with dipentaerythritol (DPER) is used for the flame retardant of polypropylene (PP). The limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of the PP/DPER/NSAPP composite is higher than that of PP/DPER/APP. Besides, the UL 94 vertical burning test of PP/DPER/NSAPP composites can reach the V-0 rating easily. According to the study of the combustion behaviour of FR-PP composites, NSAPP contributes to form a dense and multi-layered char in the combustion process. Thus, such an intumescent char with a ceramic-like, continuous, and dense structure over the PP matrix protects the underlying matrix and enhances the thermal stability of the condensed phase, thereby improving the flame retardant performance of FR-PP.
Highlights
Accepted: 9 February 2022As one kind of general plastic, polypropylene (PP) is widely used in each domain of industrial production, such as in automobiles, electronics, furniture, architectural materials, and so on [1,2,3]
(74.2 eV) and Al2s (119.1 eV) were observed, which suggests the presence of Al on the surface of the nanostructured ammonium polyphosphate (NSAPP) because of the existence of aluminium hydroxide [29]
EV) and Al2s (119.1 eV) were observed, which suggests the presence of Al on the surface of the NSAPP because of the existence of aluminium hydroxide [29]
Summary
As one kind of general plastic, polypropylene (PP) is widely used in each domain of industrial production, such as in automobiles, electronics, furniture, architectural materials, and so on [1,2,3]. With the rapid development of nanotechnology, the addition of nano-filler into a polymer matrix has become increasingly mature and efficient, as an important means to improve the flame retardant performance of materials [23,24]. The positive interaction between APP and nanosized ATH has been proved by the physical blending of these two materials, the inherent disadvantages, such as weak water resistance of APP, still limit their application in humid environments. Based on these problems, a novel functional micro-nanometre particle (NSAPP). The effects of NSAPP on compatibility, thermostability, and the flame-retardant properties of the FR-PP composites are investigated
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