Metrological problems of measurements of environmental objects in terms of spectrometry and radiometry of alpha, beta, gamma-emitting radionuclides

Based on the analysis of studies of Russian and foreign scientists-economists, legal scholars, as well as representatives of various areas of natural sciences, this article examines the legal regime of sanitary protection zones. It is shown that now the regulatory framework, which allows establishing the sanitary protection zones according to the industrial facilities classification, has been created in Russia. The requirements for limiting economic activity within the boundaries of such zones are fixed too. However, the classification of industrial enterprises, which was developed in the early 2000s, seems to be out of date and needs to be reviewed. In addition, the Russian legislation does not fix the obligation of operating organizations to green the territory of sanitary protection zones. This gap has been eliminated in some municipalities through the adoption of local self-government acts, which establish requirements for the greening extent and improvement of sanitary protection zones. At the same time, the federal legislation does not regulate the issue of developing uniform sanitary protection zones for several industrial enterprises. It is advisable to foresee the formulation of recommendations on sanitary protection zones’ greening and the development of projects of unified sanitary protection zones within the framework of self-regulatory organizations (SRO) that unite entrepreneurs operating industrial facilities. It is also necessary to fix obligatory requirements in the rules and standards of SROs in the construction industry for property developers to landscape the adjacent to the construction site areas. At the same time, various compensation mechanisms for the costs of landscaping sanitary protection zones can be established in federal, regional and local legislation.

Использование площадей санитарно-защитные зоны (СЗЗ) осуществляется с учетом ограничений, установленных действующим законодательством и настоящими нормами и правилами. До сих пор в засушливом регионе (Волгоградская обл.) на многих промпредприятиях практически отсутствует СЗЗ в плане озелененной территории. Ошибки в подборе ассортимента для таких насаждений приводят к неудовлетворительному состоянию существующих СЗЗ. На основе анализа санитарно-гигиенических и почвенно-климатических условий с учетом нормативных документов дано научное обоснование подбора ассортимента растений для СЗЗ на примере территории Гремячинского месторождения калийных солей (Котельниковский район, Волгоградская обл.). Облесенность лицензионного участка территории до проектирования СЗЗ составила около 2 %, землепользование приурочено к области Приволжской возвышенности и Ергеней. Юго-западная экспозиция участка отличается расчленением местности, балками и оврагами, что является основным фактором, создающим неоднородность почвенного покрова и состояния защитных лесонасаждений. Разработаны критерии подбора древесных, кустарниковых и травянистых растений с учетом почвенно-климатических условий, назначения и устойчивости их к вредным загрязнителям среды. Исследования и подбор проводили на основе коллекций ВНИАЛМИ (ныне ФНЦ агроэкологии РАН) и натурного обследования существующих насаждений на территориях планируемых объектов. Насаждения 35-летних культур Ulmus pumila на юго-восточной экспозиции (почвы каштановые карбонатные среднемощные) находятся в удовлетворительном состоянии. Низкий показатель среднего прироста с 20 лет. Анализ пробных площадей с участием Fraxinus lanceolata в возрасте 45 лет установил высокую сохранность. На основе существующих насаждений и региональных рекомендаций определены типы насаждений и разработан видовой состав деревьев, кустарников и газона (травянистого покрова) для СЗЗ на землях промышленного объекта в условиях засушливого климата. Подбор трав для газонного покрытия СЗЗ осуществлялся с доминированием плотнокустовых, хорошо прикрывающих и скрепляющих верхний слой почвы травостоев высотой 30-35 см. Рекомендуемые смеси и варианты для газонов СЗЗ дополнены стрежневыми видами травянистых растений. Установлено, что для повышения долговечности насаждений и усиления микроклиматической, ветро- и пылезащитной эффективности необходимо создавать смешанные многоярусные древесные насаждения с участием кустарников и травянистого покрытия и чередовать открытые (газонные) и закрытые (занятые посадками деревьев и кустарников) пространства (70% от всей территории). The use of sanitary protection zones (SPZ) is subject to the restrictions established by the current legislation and these rules and regulations. Until now, in the dry region (Volgograd region), many industrial enterprises have practically no SPZ in terms of green area. Errors in the selection of the range for such plantings lead to an unsatisfactory state of the existing SPZ. On the basis of the analysis of sanitary-hygienic and soil-climatic conditions taking into account normative documents the scientific substantiation of selection of the range of plants for SPZ on the example of the territory of gremyachinsky Deposit of potassium salts (Kotelnikovsky district, Volgograd region) is given. Forest square license area of the site to the design of the SPZ was about 2 %, land use is confined to the region of the Volga and the Yergeni hills. The South-Western exposition of the site is characterized by the dismemberment of the area, beams and ravines, which is the main factor that creates heterogeneity of the soil cover and the state of protective forest plantations. The criteria for selection of wood, shrub and herbaceous plants taking into account soil and climatic conditions, purpose and their resistance to harmful pollutants. Research and selection was carried out on the basis of collections VNIALMI (now Federal scientific center for Agroecology Russian Academy of Sciences) and a study of existing plantations in the areas of the planned facilities. The plantings of 35-year-old Ulmus pumila crops on the South-Eastern exposure (chestnut carbonate medium soils) are in satisfactory condition. Low average growth from 20 years. Analysis of the sample areas with Fraxinus lanceolata at the age of 45 years has established high safety. On the basis of the existing plantings and regional recommendations the types of plantings are defined and the specific structure of trees, bushes and a lawn (grassy cover) for SZZ on the lands of industrial facility in the conditions of arid climate is developed. Selection of grasses for lawns SPZ was carried out with the dominance plotnokustovye, well covering and fastening the top layer of soil, herbage height 30-35 cm Recommended mixtures and options for lawns SPZ supplemented with core species of herbaceous plants. It is established that for increase of durability of plantings and enhance micro-climate, windproof and dustproof efficiency it is necessary to create a mixed stacked wood plantings with participation of shrubs and herbaceous cover, and alternate the open (lawn) and closed (engaged in the planting of trees and shrubs) space (70% throughout).

The article presents a hierarchy of performance properties of vehicles for the transportation of heavy indivisible goods. Different methods can be used to determine the performance properties measures. The article presents the measurers of performance properties, the numerical values of which are obtained by using the method of mathematical modelling and simulation, the method of natural mathematical modelling and experimental methods of evaluation. The article identifies the problem of logistics in the Far North and in regions with no road infrastructure. The question under discussion is a burning question. The solutions to the problem have been discussed. One of the solutions to the problem is the development of new vehicles for the transportation of heavy indivisible loads in the Far North. For each vehicle it is necessary to take into account its functional purpose. Only a certain set of the most important perfomance properties should be taken into account. The most significant properties characterizing the mobility property are determined.

In order to ensure the safety of the population around objects and industries that are sources of impact on the environment and human health, a special territory is established with a special regime of use - the sanitary protection zone (SPZ). According to the regulatory framework of Russia, the approximate size of the SPZ should be justified by the project of a sanitary protection zone with calculations of expected air pollution and levels of physical impact on atmospheric air, and confirmed by the results of field studies and measurements. This paper analyzes the requirements and possibilities for establishing the boundaries of the SPZ for a state regional electric power plant (SREPP). The paper presents an example of the established SPZ boundaries of the energy company, where all calculated indicators correspond to sanitary and construction norms and rules, and the company does not need to create a new SPZ project. The new requirements for defining the SPZ boundaries from 2018 are presented, and terms of object outline, areal object and circuit are analyzed.

The international experience gained during the past two centuries indicates that the most efficient and rational way to ensure the protection of the territories occupied by the therapeutic and health-promotion facilities, spa centres, and health resorts together with their natural medical resources is to set up sanitary (mountainous sanitary) protection districts or zones along the perimeter of these territories. Beginning from 2000, numerous changes and amendments have been annually introduced in the Russian legislation intended to ensure efficacious control over the rational exploitation of the territories of therapeutic and health-promotion value and their natural medical resources. These initiatives have negative effect on the activities of these organizations and the quality of the services they are expected to provide. Taken together these effects lead to the degradation of the spa and health resort business. Bearing in mind the current conditions for economic activities, it is proposed, in contrast to the former global approach, to envisage in the aforementioned projects the establishment of the sanitary (mountainous sanitary) protection districts or zones and determine their borders based on the results of the assessment of their potential for the protection of therapeutic factors and other valuable resources. Equally important is the maximum reduction of the areas of the second and third zones taking into account their relevant objective characteristics. In certain cases, the protective district may coincide with the second zone. As far as the federal health resorts and large territories of special health-promotion value are concerned, some of them may have two or more sanitary (mountainous sanitary) protection districts. Both the owners and the users of these territories should be provided the necessary and sufficient possibilities for the rational nature use at the grounds and in the adjacent water areas suitable for the development of health resort business in the conditions guaranteed by the national legislation.

Introduction. The article discusses methods to reduce the 2nd and 3rd Sanitary Protection Zones (SPZ) on the surface watercourse for the intake of onshore groundwater. There are presented basic hydrodynamic and geo-migration analytical solutions allowing the estimation the time of the pollution migration from the river to the underground water intake. These basic analytical solutions also estimate the degree of dilution of river waters by groundwater. Materials and methods. Laws & Acts regulating relations in the Design and Establishment of SPZ, SPZ Projects & related Scientific References. The methodological basis for reducing the zones of sanitary protection of coastal water intakes was undertaken using the hydrodynamic and geo-migration analytical calculations included within the ANSDIMAT software package. Results. When designing a coastal groundwater intake and developing a SPZ project, the following sequence of actions are recommended to reduce or completely avoid the management of the SPZ on a surface watercourse: 1. Locate the onshore groundwater intake in such a way that the 3rd belt of the SPZ is not close to the surface watercourse. 2. Estimate the pollution migration time. If it is more than four hundred days, then it is possible to abandon the management of the 2nd zone of the SPZ on the surface watercourse, and if the migration time of the pollution is more than 25 years, then the 3rd belt can also be completely abandoned. 3. Even with a constant excess of MPC (Maximum Permissible Concentration) in river waters, it is still possible to justify such a well flow rate that will not lead to an excess of MPC in water intake. 4. If it is impossible to fulfill the required project conditions, then it is necessary to manage the SPZ belts both for underground water intake and for the surface watercourse. Conclusion. Our recommendations for developing underground onshore water intakes make it possible to use all the advantages of onshore water intakes, whilst not withdrawing large areas from economic use.

The problem of applying thematic mapping of production facilities in order to obtain spatial data about the harmful effects on the environment is relevant. One of the factors that minimizes this impact is the observance of sanitary protection zones. Areas designated for sanitary protection zones must correspond to current data, which can be modeled by modern GIS technology using remote sensing data of the Earth, which will allow you to quickly and accurately obtain spatial characteristics of objects and analyze thematic information. Therefore, the aim of the work is to obtain and to analyze spatial thematic data on sanitary protection zones of industrial enterprises. Methods. For the spatial analysis of sanitary protection zones the method of modeling of spatial data using cartographic and remote sensing data and the analysis of the constructed model are applied. Results. A cartographic model was created and compliance with sanitary protection zones by industrial enterprises of Slavuta and Khmelnytsky nuclear power plant was analyzed. Scientific novelty and practical relevance. It consists in the complex application of cartographic and remote sensing data for modeling and analysis of the location of sanitary protection zones of enterprises in the city of Slavuta. The obtained thematic geospatial data can serve to eliminate the shortcomings of planning and development of both enterprises and the surrounding infrastructure. The analysis of the results showed an unsatisfactory state of compliance to requirements of sanitary protection zones by industrial enterprises in Slavuta. The tested workflow can be used for modeling and analysis of sanitary protection zones of enterprises that have a harmful effect on the environment, which will increase the level of control in the field of sanitary legislation using GIS technologies.

The object of research is a mathematical model of a new design of a vortex heat generator with translational-rotational flow in a variable geometry working space. One of the most problematic areas in the development of new and promising designs of heat generators by the method of physical modeling is the search for its optimal operating-technological and instrumental-design parameters. The implementation of a preliminary analysis of such structures by the method of mathematical modeling will significantly reduce the time and material costs for the development of promising designs of heat generators. The studies of the design of the new vortex heat generator, carried out by the method of mathematical modeling, made it possible to determine the range of its operation, to evaluate the operating-technological and hardware-design parameters that affect the efficiency of work. Studies of the hydrodynamics of the translational-rotational motion of a viscous fluid flow in the working space of a new vortex heat generator with a variable geometry of the working space made it possible to determine the critical velocity and pressure, the influence of the geometric parameters of the device on the generation of vortices that promote cavitation. Model studies were carried out in the range of fluid load changes in the range from 0.001 m3/s to 0.01 m3/s. The study of changes in the velocity field in the channels was carried out for the geometry of the channel with a taper angle from 0° to 25°. The width of the working channel of the space Wn varied in the range of 130, 70 and 40 mm. It has been established that a good axial symmetry and smoothness of the coolant flow in the vortex zone along the swirler screw provides the coolant inlet through a nozzle with a rectangular cross-section. The dependence of the influence of the flow area of the nozzle for introducing the coolant into the vortex zone on the energy efficiency of the vortex apparatus as a whole is found experimentally. The research carried out makes it possible to design vortex heat generators with geometric parameters that meet modern energy efficiency requirements. The geometry of the swirler screw is determined, which increases the efficiency of the heat generator by 35 % in comparison with similar designs of vortex heat generators given in the literature.

The actuality of the problem is determined by dependence of agriculture on the natural factors, and in particular, on the weather-climate conditions. All components of natural-agromeliorative systems and in particular hydrometeorological factors take an active part in the formation of agricultural crops. When solving these questions, it is necessary to have an objective estimation of the influence of the different factors including weather and climate on the level of agricultural production. This will allow us to determine contribution of various indicators of agro-meteorological conditions in the estimation of cereal harvest more reasonably. In this connection, the research of the weather-climatic conditions influence on the vegetation of agricultural crops in general and in the conditions of grain farming development in Kharkiv region, in particular.The method of mathematical modeling was chosen to study the problems formulated in the work. The study of the phenomena of nature and human activity without the use of mathematical methods is considered one-sided, because it does not take into account one of the important aspects of any study - the side of quantitative relationships and appropriateness. The result of the research is an analysis of statistical indicators of agricultural crops harvest and hydrometeorological conditions in Kharkiv region during the period 1972-2016.Having analyzed these indicators, we have determined that the quantitative dependence of the crop on the number of dry days is a complex nonlinear multi-parameter. At the same time, close connection between the harvest of corn and sugar beets with weather conditions was very significant, as indicated by the large correlation coefficient between them, which is equal to 0.87-0.90.We have worked out a hypothesis about the form of functional dependence between these components. Using method of mathematical modeling to analyze the spatio-temporal structure of natural-anthropogenic phenomenon development allows us to unify the hydrometeorological characteristics, and it can be used in different fields of science, in particular, in recreational geography.It is noted that recreational geography is the newest branch of knowledge, where mathematical methods occupy an important place in scientific research. The model of the natural-recreational system is proposed in the work. This allows us to introduce a complex study of interdisciplinary connections of investigated objects. The feature of the model is in the fact that it allows to cover all levels of the systems development from planning, designing and creating recreational systems, to estimation and forecast of their functioning.The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that the extended concept of the natural-recreational system is formulated, and the principles and methods of research, in particular, the method of mathematical modeling, allow us to consider the system as a holistic natural-anthropogy of formation. The methodical approach provides the interdisciplinary level of research of the natural-recreational system. It is possible to study the systemic nature of the system components connections.The practical value of the work focuses on the agricultural sector. The discovery of quantitative estimation of crops harvest dependence on weather factors allows us to calculate crop yields in each particular case. This technique can form the basis for forecasting crop yields.

B a c k g r o u n d . In connection with the shortage of land resources in the largest cities and megalopolises, the issue of the location of existing automobile refueling stations (ARS) and the design of prospective residential buildings close to them, as well as the location of projected ARS in already established suburban areas, are becoming increasingly important. This is happening against the background of rapid motorization of modern society. This also necessitates the formation of new approaches to solving modern problems in the planning and development of the territories of settlements, namely state regulation on the standardization of sanitary protection zones (SPZ) for modern ARS. The purpose and task of the research is to carry out the ecological and hygienic substantiation of the regulation of SPZ for infrastructure objects – modern ARS, taking into account their differentiation in terms of capacity and degree of impact on the environment and the level of fire safety, as a component supply of public administration, to regulate the urban planning situation and make administrative and management decisions. The subject of the study is the achievement of safe conditions for the location of ARS on the territory of populated areas by means of ecological and hygienic standardization of the SPZ for them. The object of the study is the ecological, hygienic and fire safety of ARS for the population of residential and public buildings adjacent to the territory of the ARS as a component supply of public administration. M e t h o d s . In the research process, abstract-logical, theoretical, modeling, instrumental and statistical and method of legal regulation – standardization of SPZ of infrastructure objects – modern ARS. R e s u l t s . The article presents the results of comprehensive studies on the justification of the standardization of new SPZ for modern ARS according to urban planning, ecological and hygienic criteria and the level of fire safety as a component supply of public administration. The establishment of SPZ for ARS is substantiated, taking into account their differentiation in terms of capacity, the state of implementation of environmentally friendly fuel handling technologies and the level of fire safety, which is important for making administrative and management decisions regarding the development of the territories of settlements adjacent to them. The introduction of environmentally friendly equipment and modern technologies, the implementation of environmental protection measures during fuel storage at ARS are effective measures, both at the local self-government level and at the state level, which will slow down climate change on Earth. According to the research results, the classification of ARS according to the ecological and hygienic characteristics of gross emissions from sources of atmospheric air pollution is proposed: small, medium and large ARS, which is important from the point of view of urban planning. С o n c l u s i o n s . On the basis of a comprehensive approach, the adequacy of the standard SPZ of 50 m for small and mediumcapacity ARS has been proven, and the creation of a new safe for the health and life of the population, from the point of view of urban planning, the size of the SPZ of 100 m for large-capacity ARS has been substantiated. It is proposed to approve the new standard of 100 m for high-capacity ARS at the state level by making changes to the existing regulatory framework of urban planning and sanitary legislation. It is substantiated as a component supply of public administration, the introduction of the range of changes in the sizes of SPZ for modern fire- and explosive-hazardous facilities in the legislation and practice of Ukrainian entrepreneurship on the basis of urban planning, ecological and hygienic justification and the level of fire safety. The vector of further research should be aimed at the further implementation into the national urban planning, environmental and sanitary legislation of the requirements of the EU Directives, foreign experience in strengthening fuel quality control, ARS emission control and the introduction of advanced technologies and environmental protection measures at ARS, the use of modern transport to reduce negative impact on the environment and adjacent residential and public buildings, which will serve the formation of modern, environmentally conscious, independent domestic entrepreneurship.

Relevance of solutions of issues for management of sanitary protection zones (SPZ) is evident, particularly for old industrial regions of Ural, in which concentrated industrial plants, occupied up to 25% of area in regional pattern of municipal formations, and these plants are one from reasons of forming of stable areal of environment pollution. For purposes of detection of environmental risks during assessment of impact of enterprises on environment on the base of calculations of expected pollution was conducted rationale of provisional area of SPZ. The main influencing factors are air pollution (up to 97% of area of SPZ) and removal of substantial land turnover. There were considered environmental aspects of SPZ engineering for objects situated in affected zone of a few enterprises. There was performed analysis of calculation of individual or single SPZ for group of enterprises

Objective. Sanitary and hygienic assessment of the conditions of safe operation of enterprises using equipment for thermal disposal / waste disposal. Materials and methods. The objects of research were enterprises where waste is subjected to thermal disposal/utilization (location of production facilities – Odessa and Dnipropetrovsk regions). To conduct a sanitary and hygienic assessment of the levels of impact created at the border of the sanitary protection zone (SPZ) of production, the results of instrumental studies of air samples, acoustic measurements, and the results of calculating the scattering of gross pollutant emissions from their emission sources were analyzed. form the total gross emission at the industrial site (research protocols were provided by certified laboratories), as well as regulatory and technical documentation, according to which the company operates. Results. The main processes that determine the hazard class of enterprises are thermal, namely: disposal of hazardous waste at the installation for thermal disposal (utilizer) type UT3000D and processing (utilization) of rubber products by pyrolysis at the unit UE GTV MTD-5/24. The utilizer includes a combustion chamber of exhaust gases at a temperature up to 1300˚C and is equipped with a two-stage system for their purification. Shredded rubber-containing waste is pyrolyzed at a temperature of 450°C without access of oxygen with the formation of secondary waste (carbon residue, metal cord residues, gas fraction, which is burned in the main chamber, furnace fuel), which are transferred to consumers on contractual terms. As in the classification of productions [2] such enterprises are absent, SPZ for the enterprise with the utilizer UT3000D is defined in the size of 500 m by analogy with garbage incineration, for the enterprise where pyrolysis is applied - SPZ is established at the size of 110 m (on the border of the nearest inhabited building). According to the results of field research, no exceedances of the normative indicators were detected for any pollutant at the border of the SPZ. Conclusions. The conditions for the operation of enterprises are not exceeding the hygienic regulations of the permissible content of chemicals in the air of settlements [3] and ensuring the regulatory level of acoustic impact at the SPZ in accordance with the requirements [2,4], compliance with technological regulations on waste management, safety rules and use of overalls, footwear and personal protective equipment when working with hazardous waste, as well as determining the hazard class of secondary waste generated in the process of thermal disposal / utilization.

Introduction. Sanitary legislation of the Russian Federation provides for the organization of sanitary protection zones of industrial enterprises located in the industrial hub. However, the justification procedure, establishing and monitoring boundaries of a single sanitary zones not fully resolved. This determines the practice of organization by economic entities of individual zones separating production from residential development. This situation complicates the adequate assessment of real pollution, as well as the reasonable development of programs (plans) of environmental measures. Identification of the sources that create poor air quality and public health risks is becoming extremely problematic.The aim of the study is to develop and test recommendations for the organization and methodological support of the design of a single sanitary protection zone of a group of enterprises in the current urban development.Materials and methods. The object of the study is an industrial hub formed by 5 industrial enterprises and located on the territory of a large urban settlement with a population of more than 450 thousand people. The city administration carried out a number of organizational measures that ensured the simultaneous inventory of emissions of enterprises and the design of the general sanitary zone of the industrial complex. The design work was carried out in full accordance with the current regulatory framework.Results. The verified unified database of 102 sources of chemical emissions and 113 sources of noise provided the possibility of summary calculations and obtaining the most correct results for surface concentrations in the zone of influence of the industrial hub. The program of quality control of atmospheric air defining the contribution of each economic subject to carrying out researches is formed. This made it possible to ensure the control of all priority contaminants at the outer border of the sanitary zone and reduce the costs of each separate economic entity. Zones of responsibility of each enterprise within borders of a uniform sanitary zone for tasks of maintenance of the standard maintenance of the territory are allocated.Conclusions. The obtained results confirmed the feasibility of designing unified sanitary protection zones for economic entities located in the industrial hub.

Relevance The development of new designs of electromechanical vibration transducers (EMVT) is an urgent task and is caused by the need to create devices that meet to one degree or another many, often contradictory requirements for accuracy and measurement limits, frequency range, sensitivity, overall dimensions, weight, cost, performance characteristics, etc. An important prerequisite for solving the set tasks is the study and development of new promising structural elements of electromechanical converters, materials, components, special production processes. The rapid development of science and technology causes a great variety and complexity of automatic control systems. Invariant, self-adjusting and other complex information-measuring and control systems are created, to which increased requirements are imposed. The modern development of automated monitoring and control systems for various technological and physical processes is characterized by the widespread use of primary means of collecting and processing information. At the same time, electromechanical vibration transducers EMVPsensors of vibration parameters are a link in any information-visual or control system and practically determine its metrological characteristics. Losses in the accuracy and reliability of the final result associated with unsuccessful use of the sensor cannot be restored by the most advanced information conversion system. The range of industrially produced vibration sensors is limited, and their effective operation and evaluation of experimental results is very difficult. The lack of clear recommendations for choosing one type of sensor or another, sound methods of engineering calculations and experimental studies, and analysis of limiting operational and technological capabilities has led to the fact that many types and designs of sensors turned out to be unviable. A large number of publications related to the design of new designs of vibration sensors for various purposes and the improvement of already known ones allows us to judge the continued interest of developers in this class of devices, especially with the development of technical robots and flexible modules. The lack of fundamental theory and engineering methods for calculating the static characteristics of electric motors in the mode of both a sensor and a motor with a spiral electrically conductive element limits the possibility of their rational design for information-measuring and control systems. Therefore, the tasks of researching and creating highly efficient EMVPs with a spiral secondary element that most fully satisfy the special requirements of control systems are relevant. Aim of research To investigate a vibration transducer (EMVT) with a closed spiral secondary element in the mode of generating low-frequency vibrations and improving mechanical data due to the execution of longitudinal slits with a bevel in a spiral electrically conductive spring. Research methods Literary review and patent study, methods of mathematical modeling and experimental studies of vibration oscillations. Results For the first time, a method and methodology have been developed for the design of electromechanical vibration converters with a spiral secondary element with theoretical and experimental confirmation of the main obtained positions. A full-scale sample with theoretical provisions was developed, a patent of the Russian Federation was obtained, the possibility of using a structural solution in household devices (tablets, laptops, electronic watches, nanorabototechnics, vascular medicine and cardiology, information transmission as GPS u GSM elements, etc.) was shown.

Purpose. Given densification of buildings and changes in the urban planning environment, the need arises for more balanced regulation of issues related to the regulation of the impact of mode-forming objects on the surrounding natural environment. In order to comprehensively take into account the spatial component of the localization of pollution sources and the objects that surround them, it is important to conduct modeling and systematization of possible options for the spatial placement of sanitary protection zones around mode-forming objects. This will make it possible to provide well-founded planning decisions and legal support for establishing their boundaries in the area and further legalization. Methodology. Using the method of system analysis, there was established existence of two fundamentally different groups of planning models of sanitary and protective zones with and without an overlap. The most frequent cases of localization of sanitary and protective zones in both groups were simulated by the modeling method, based on the nature of the model itself. The use of these methods in general made it possible to classify planning models of sanitary protection zones with further substantiation of their features. Findings. The obtained results provide a basis for specialists in urban planning, land management and geodesy to use a comprehensive approach in determining the size and configuration of sanitary protection zones around mode-forming objects. It is important that the results can also be used by environmental experts when justifying the sizes of sanitary protection zones. Originality. For the first time, for sanitary protection zones, grouped planning models have been grouped on which the size and configuration of sanitary protection zones depend that will be established in the area. The models, obtained as a result of the research, were tested for the establishment of sanitary protection zones around the enterprise in Dnipro. Practical value. The systematized planning models can be used to accurately determine the size of the aggregated sanitary protection zone and its configuration to further establish its boundaries on the ground.