Abstract
The effect of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) in mitigation of 50 μM cadmium (Cd) toxicity on structure and function of photosynthetic apparatus in presence or absence of 1.0 mM was investigated in mustard (Brassica juncea L. cv. Ro Agro 4001) at 30 days after sowing. Plants exhibited increased oxidative stress, impaired photosynthetic function when grown with Cd, but MeJA in presence of sulfur (S) more prominently ameliorated Cd effects through increased S-assimilation and production of reduced glutathione (GSH) and promoted photosynthetic functions. The transmission electron microscopy showed that MeJA protected chloroplast structure against Cd-toxicity. The use of GSH biosynthetic inhibitor, buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) substantiated the findings that ameliorating effect of MeJA was through GSH production. MeJA could not alleviate Cd effects when BSO was used due to unavailability of GSH even with the input of S. The study shows that MeJA regulates S-assimilation and GSH production for protection of structure and function of photosynthetic apparatus in mustard plants under Cd stress.
Highlights
Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential toxic heavy metal and an important agricultural pollutant due to its adverse effects on metabolic processes, such as membrane damage, alteration in electron transport, activation or inhibition of enzymes activity, and DNA damage (Gallego et al, 2012; Asgher et al, 2015)
In the presence of Cd, spraying of 10 μM methyl jasmonate (MeJA) was more effective than 5 μM MeJA in reducing H2O2 content (−31.7%) and increasing GSH content (+52.6%) as compared to the Cd treated plants (Table 1)
Net photosynthesis and plant dry mass were favorably influenced by MeJA treatment under Cd stress
Summary
Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential toxic heavy metal and an important agricultural pollutant due to its adverse effects on metabolic processes, such as membrane damage, alteration in electron transport, activation or inhibition of enzymes activity, and DNA damage (Gallego et al, 2012; Asgher et al, 2015). The indirect consequence of Cd toxicity is overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS); super oxide radical (O2−), hydroxyl radical (OH), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (Andresen and Küpper, 2013). Plants exploit several strategies to rescue from the oxidative stress caused by ROS. For this purpose, several efficient ROS-scavenging enzymes, superoxide dismutase
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