Abstract
A particle may be produced in a reaction in either a pure or mixed spin state. The particle is said to be in a pure state if its spin wave function ϕ J is given by $${\varphi _J} = \sum\limits_{m = - J}^J {{a_m}\chi _J^m} ,$$ (3.1) where the χ J m are spin eigenfunctions with respect to some fixed direction in space and the a m are, in general, functions of the production angle. Since the a m are complex, they are specified by 2(2J + 1) real numbers. However, since an overall phase is unobservable, a pure state is specified by 4 J + 1 real numbers (or, if the state is normalized, by 4 J real numbers).
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