Abstract
Ceramic membranes are among one of the most promising candidates for membrane applications, owing to their excellent resistance to mechanical, chemical, and thermal stresses. These advantages make them an attractive filter material. An additional benefit which is extremely important for the industry, is their possibility of continuous operation at high efficiency while maintaining constant transmembrane pressure. Due to the inorganic material from which they are made, ceramic membranes have the possibility of being cleaned by steam sterilization and are resistant to micro-organisms. Although, due to low production costs, ceramic membranes are one of the most cost-effective membrane filtration technologies they are prone to substantial fouling. When used, a layer of contaminants is formed on the active surface, often reducing or completely filling the membrane pores resulting in fouling and concentration polarization. These phenomena cause a decreased efficiency of the process, which leads to the need for the membrane to be replaced with a new one. However, ceramic membranes have the possibility of being regenerated through a series of activities and the use of various chemical agents. The use of regenerated membranes would provide the opportunity to reduce exploitation costs. Although membrane regeneration does not guarantee a return to the initial parameters, it does allow for the recovery of high permeation flow. The aim of the research was to compare operating parameters of the ceramic membranes after multiple use and longtime storage with different condition of storage.
Highlights
Development of separation techniques are extremely important for industries using membranes
An additional benefit which is extremely important for the industry, is their possibility of continuous operation at high efficiency while maintaining constant transmembrane pressure
Due to the inorganic material from which they are made, ceramic membranes have the possibility of being cleaned by steam sterilization and are resistant to micro-organisms
Summary
Development of separation techniques are extremely important for industries using membranes. Chemical engineering scientists are working on increasing the conditions and parameters of the process These separation techniques are well adapted to the use of ceramic membranes, which thanks to its features fulfil current needs and are distinguished in the use of available methods. Ceramic membranes have many advantages, including durability, chemical stability and resistance to high temperatures. They are used in processes with specific technological requirements where the use of polymeric membranes is impossible [3]. Ceramic membranes allow operations at high flow rates while maintaining constant transmembrane pressure. This technology makes it possible to carry out the process in a continuous mode with high separation ability. Ceramic membranes enable microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF) and nanofiltration (NF) with pores diameters from 0,5 nm to 5 μm [4,5]
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