METHODS FOR PREVENTING COMPLICATIONS IN THE RESTORATION OF DENTAL CROWN DEFECTS WITH INLAYS

Studying of the dental status of the employees of mining and processing works occupied with production and processing of copper-zinc ores is carried out. Objects of a research were 135 workers of Uchalinsky Mining and Processing Integrated Works occupied with production and processing of copper-zinc ores. At workers we have revealed high prevalence of caries of teeth, diseases of fabrics of the parodont and a mucous membrane of an oral cavity. In this regard there was a need of development of methods of treatment and prevention of dental diseases at workers of UGOK. We have created the program of prevention and treatment of dental diseases at employees of mining and processing works. Methods of treatment and prevention can be used for optimization of the existing system of protection of dental health of workers given and other similar enterprises.

Objectives. Children who find themselves in a difficult life situation are one of the neediest social groups who need help both from the state and from specialists in various fields. To improve and improve the quality of medical dental care for this social group of children, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed complex of therapeutic and preventive measures, taking into account the specific situation in social institutions for orphans and children left without parental care. Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of the developed complex for the prevention and treatment of major dental diseases in orphans and children in a difficult life situation with the use of photodynamic therapy and herbal medicine. Methodology. The article presents clinical and laboratory data after the implementation of the developed complex of therapeutic and preventive measures using photodynamic therapy and herbal medicine in orphans and children in difficult life situations in the age groups of 6–7 years, 11–13 years and 14–16 years. The dynamics of the dental and hygienic status, some physicochemical, biochemical, immunological parameters of the oral fluid and the periodontopathogenic microbiota of the periodontal sulcus are presented. Results. The use of the developed complex for the prevention and treatment of dental diseases using photodynamic therapy and a phytopreparation in a socially vulnerable group of children showed high efficiency: oral hygiene improved in all age groups from a poor to a satisfactory level, the indicator of cured temporary and permanent teeth increased (component "P") in the structure of KPU in children 6 years of age more than 0.5 times, in adolescents more than 2.7 times. In the mixed saliva, the pH increased, the levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines normalized, the content of lipid peroxidation products sharply decreased against the background of an increase in the activity of the main antioxidant defense enzymes, and the amount of periodontopathogenic microbiota in the periodontal sulcus decreased. Conclusions. The program for the comprehensive prevention and treatment of major dental diseases in orphans and children in difficult life situations leads to a decrease in the intensity of dental caries and periodontal disease, and a significant decrease in cases of tooth loss.

Subject. Despite the successes achieved, the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of dental diseases in children with cerebral palsy remain difficult tasks. The development of new methods for the prevention of dental diseases in children with cerebral palsy requires constant updating of knowledge and research. Cerebral palsy (cerebral palsy) is one of the most common neurological diseases among children. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), about 2-3% of all newborns suffer from various forms of cerebral palsy. This makes the study of this pathology an important area of medical science. It is known that altered bioelectric activity of the brain can affect the regulation of salivation. A reduced amount of saliva or a change in its composition can contribute to the development of caries, since saliva plays an important role in maintaining the acid-base balance in the mouth and protecting tooth enamel. Objectives. To present an overview of current research on the prevention of dental diseases in children with cerebral palsy. Methodology. Materials for the study were found on the PubMed platform, in the electronic library eLibrary, and MEDLINE databases using keywords: «cerebral palsy», «rehabilitation», «prevention», «diagnosis», «salivary glands». The search depth was 19 years, which corresponds to the time period from 2005 to 2024. During the research process, an independent selection and analysis of scientific publications was carried out, after which they were structured and organized into lists of used literature. Results. The article is a comprehensive consideration of issues related to the prevention of dental diseases in children with cerebral palsy. Conclusion. The importance of further study of this problem is due to the need to develop effective methods of treatment and prevention of dental diseases in children with cerebral palsy.

We report results of clinical application of the new computer-laser system. The system includes hardware and software means, which are applied for new efficient methods of prevention and treatment of main dental diseases. The hardware includes a laser physiotherapeutic device (LPD) `Optodan' and a fiberoptic laser delivery system with special endodontic rigging. The semiconductor AG-AL-AG laser diode with wavelengths in the spectral range of 850 - 950 nm (produced by Scientific-Industrial Concern `Reflector') is used as a basic unit. The LPD `Optodan' and methods of treatment are covered by Russian patent No 2014107 and certified by the Russian Ministry of Health. The automated computer system allows us to examine patients quickly and to input differential diagnosis, to determine indications (and contraindications), parameters and regimen of laser therapy, to control treatment efficacy (for carious -- through clinical indexes of enamel solubles, velocity of demineralization and other tests; for periodontal diseases trough complex of the periodontal indexes with automated registry and calculation). We present last results of application of the new technique and methods in treatment of dental diseases in Russian clinics.

Relevance. Congenital cleft lip and palate (CLP) is one of the most common severe congenital malformations. In recent decades, there has been a tendency to an increase in the frequency of this defect, as well as congenital malformations in general, which is associated with an increased effect of toxic substances on the body, due to the intensive development of industry, in particular chemical. In children with this defect, a high prevalence of somatic and dental diseases is recorded, a high prevalence and intensity of dental caries, non-carious lesions, and periodontal diseases is revealed. This indicates that children are in dire need of dental care, and the problem of prevention and treatment of dental diseases in such children is especially relevant. Purpose. Study of dental morbidity in children with congenital clefts of the upper lip and palate (CLP) at the age of 3 years and 6 years, comparing them with children without this pathology. Materials and methods. The article presents the results of a dental examination of 195 children with CLP, of which 108 children aged 3 years, 87 children aged 6 years, and also 187 healthy children, 103 of them children aged 3 years, 84 at the age of 6 years. In the examined children, the prevalence and intensity of dental caries, malformations of hard dental tissues, periodontal diseases, dentofacial anomalies, and the hygienic condition of the oral cavity were assessed. For determination of the intensity of dental caries in children 3 years old, the «kpu» index was used, and in children of 6 years, the «KPU + kp» index was used. The hygienic condition of the oral cavity was assessed by the FedorovVolodkina index (1968), periodontal status in children 6 years of the age by the KPI index (Leus PA, 1988). The results of the examination were entered into the registration cards of the dental status of children (WHO, 2013). Results. During the dental examination, a high prevalence and intensity of dental caries, poor oral hygiene among in children 3 and 6 years old with CLP. In the majority of the examined children with CLP, compared with children without this pathology, enamel hypoplasia is more often diagnosed and the prevalence of dental anomalies and periodontal diseases is higher. Conclusions. Тhe results of the work justify the need for planning and carrying out measures for the prevention and treatment of dental diseases in children with CLP, including rational oral hygiene, health education and hygienic education of children and their parents, oral sanation and dispensary observation.

INTRODUCTION. This article is devoted to the chronophysiological aspects of the prevention and treatment of dental diseases in children. The influence of biorhythms on the development, course, and prevention of dental pathologies in the pediatric population is considered a promising direction in modern dentistry. In both domestic and international literature, this issue is insufficiently addressed, which underscores the relevance of further research in this area. AIM. To deepen understanding of chronodiagnosis and chronotherapy of dental diseases in children, aiming to optimize the treatment process through early diagnosis and the timely implementation of personalized preventive and therapeutic interventions. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Within the framework of this article, an analytical review of domestic and international publications addressing biorhythmological and chronophysiological aspects of dental diseases was conducted. The analysis included an evaluation of data on the influence of circadian rhythms on the condition of dental hard tissues, periodontium, and oral mucosa, as well as the particularities of their consideration in the implementation of preventive and therapeutic interventions in children. RESULTS. The conducted analysis demonstrated that the influence of biorhythms on the dental health of children is systemic in nature. Taking chronophysiological patterns into account enables increased effectiveness of preventive measures, improved treatment outcomes, and a reduction in the incidence of complications. CONCLUSIONS. The chronophysiological approach in pediatric dentistry represents a promising direction capable of significantly enhancing the quality of dental care. Deepening knowledge of biorhythms and their application in practice will contribute to the development of personalized dentistry and stimulate professional interest in further investigation of the biorhythmological foundations of diagnosis and therapy.

Workers in stressful industries include workers with hazardous working conditions (HWC), in particular, with a radiation production factor. Clinical and X-ray dental examination of workers with OUT was carried out, Hamburg testing of the chewing apparatus, electromyography of the masticatory muscles, computer analysis of occlusion were carried out. Based on the identified need for treatment and prosthetics, the Concept for the Prevention and Treatment of Dental Diseases in Persons with Occupational Stressful Stress was developed, which includes comprehensive dental rehabilitation of workers using electromyographic, occlusive control during treatment, followed by dispensary control at least twice a year. After a year of implementation of the Concept, re-examination showed a significant decrease in the prevalence of non-carious lesions, gingivitis, secondary deformities of the dentition; detectability of teeth affected by caries, unsatisfactory oral hygiene, inadequate quality of fillings and endodontic treatment, as well as normalization of the tone and symmetry of the activity of the masticatory muscles, indicators of the Hamburg express test of the masticatory apparatus and indicators of computer analysis of occlusion.

Dental diseases are one of the most common diseases among other diseases, with caries and its complications leading to cerebral palsy. Cerebral palsy in children is defined as a disability from 3 to 5 patients per 1000 births. According to dental examinations, the spreading of caries and its complications in children with cerebral palsy varies from 80% to 85%. Congenital defects of the central nervous system, characterized by an increase and a combination of functional disorders, are indicative. Not only the maxillofacial region is characterized by secondary changes in the morphological structure of bones, but also damage to organs and tissues of the oral cavity. The problem of prevention and treatment of dental diseases in children with cerebral palsy is especially relevant today. It is important to develop special treatment measures for children with this pathology.

3D scanning technologies are gradually replacing traditional methods of visualization, treatment and prevention in dentistry. 3D scanners, which have been widespread since the 90s of the 20th century, have demonstrated high accuracy and ease of use, improving the diagnosis of some types of dental pathologies and improving the quality of dental care for patients. The purpose of this work was to study the accuracy and reproducibility of 3D scanning methods in the diagnosis and treatment of dental diseases in children. To achieve this goal, a clinical study was conducted involving children with malocclusion. Material and methods. The study involved 20 boys aged 10–13 years with various malocclusions. All of them underwent a plaster cast (group 1) and intraoral 3D scanning with the production of a 3D impression (group 2). For the cast and impression, 3D scanning of the upper jaw was performed. The measurements were taken three times by different specialists. The parameters of the upper jaw measured in this way (angles and linear variables) were studied. Results and discussion. The values of the variables showed some discrepancies for the plaster model and the 3D impression. At the same time, the 3D method showed better convergence and reproducibility of measurements made in different repetitions. Most of the surveyed dentists (6/10) preferred the 3D scanning method, considering the accuracy of measurements to be the main advantage. Another four specialists chose the traditional technology, since they had worked it out well and did not think that a small loss of accuracy affected the treatment result. Conclusion. For the studied groups of patients, certain strengths of diagnosis and treatment have been identified both with the use of 3D-scanning and traditional methods. It was found that 3D-based treatment allows for more accurate orthodontic intervention with better aesthetic and subjective effects.

The TOURMALINE-MM4 trial demonstrated a significant and clinically meaningful progression-free survival (PFS) benefit with ixazomib versus placebo as postinduction maintenance in nontransplant, newly-diagnosed multiple myeloma patients, with a manageable and well-tolerated toxicity profile. In this subgroup analysis, efficacy and safety were assessed by age (<65, 65-74, and ≥75 years) and frailty status (fit, intermediate-fit, and frail). In this analysis, PFS benefit with ixazomib versus placebo was seen across age subgroups, including patients aged <65 years (hazard ratio [HR], 0.576; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.299-1.108; P = .095), 65-74 years (HR, 0.615; 95% CI, 0.467-0.810; P <.001), and ≥75 years (HR, 0.740; 95% CI, 0.537-1.019; P = .064). PFS benefit was also seen across frailty subgroups, including fit (HR, 0.530; 95% CI, 0.387-0.727; P <.001), intermediate-fit (HR, 0.746; 95% CI, 0.526-1.058; P = .098), and frail (HR, 0.733; 95% CI, 0.481-1.117; P = .147) patients. With ixazomib versus placebo, rates of grade ≥3 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs; 28-44% vs. 10-36%), serious TEAEs (15-29% vs. 3-29%), and discontinuation due to TEAEs (7-19% vs. 5-11%) were higher or similar across age and frailty subgroups, and generally somewhat higher in older age groups and intermediate-fit/frail patients in both arms. Treatment with ixazomib versus placebo did not adversely affect patient-reported quality-of-life scores across age and frailty status subgroups. Ixazomib is a feasible and effective maintenance option for prolonging PFS across this heterogeneous patient population.

To understand present concepts of modern dental health and their importance in any program for the prevention, control, and treatment of dental diseases, one should ask, Do I want to go through life with healthy teeth and healthy oral tissues? Of course all of us want lifetime teeth and healthy mouth tissues for complete health, happiness, comfort, aesthetics, and social acceptance. This positive response, indicating that dental health is an integral part of total health, is based on an awareness, an attitudinal behavior, and a willingness to accept certain responsibilities relating to health principles. Responsibilities Relating to Health Principles The first of these is the responsibility of gaining dental health knowledge concerning the general mouth structures and functions and the general causes, manifestations, and sequelae of dental disorders in relation to other organs of the body. The second responsibility is the initiation of regular daily adequate personal home care—oral hygiene.

More municipalities and states raise tobacco purchase age to 21 years: Tobacco control advocates begin to see progress.

This review provides an overview of structure equation modeling (SEM) and its applications in dental research. SEM is a statistical technique that allows researchers to examine the relationships between variables and is useful for analyzing data from a wide range of research designs, including cross-sectional, longitudinal, and experimental studies. The process involves specifying a theoretical model, testing the model with data, and evaluating the model fit. It has been used in dental research to investigate a wide range of topics, including dental diseases, oral health-related quality of life, and dental anxiety. SEM is particularly useful in modeling the relationships between various risk factors and dental diseases and also has the potential to provide a deeper understanding of the multifactorial nature of dental diseases such as periodontitis, dental caries, and oral cancer. Moreover, the insights provided can aid in the development of effective strategies for the prevention and treatment of dental diseases. It is a powerful statistical tool that can be used by dental researchers to gain a better understanding of the intricate interplay of factors that underlie dental diseases and other oral health-related outcomes.

Relevance. Evaluation of mineral metabolism markers in mixed saliva may be a non-invasive method for diagnosing potential disorders and developing strategies for the prevention and treatment of dental diseases in children with hypophosphatasia (HPP). Objective: To determine the content of vitamin D, osteocalcin (OCC), osteoprotegerin (OPT), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP), and parathyroid hormone (PTH) in mixed saliva and to study their relationships with some clinical parameters of dental status in children with HPP. Materials and Methods. Twenty children with HPP, aged 6–17 years, and 20 healthy children of the same age were examined. Caries intensity and structural and functional caries resistance of enamel in permanent teeth were assessed using the KPU index and the TER test, respectively; periodontal tissue condition was determined using the PMA index. The content of vitamin D, TBPC, OPT, and IAP were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results. Clinical evaluation of key dental parameters in children with HPP and healthy children revealed insufficient oral hygiene associated with an increase in caries in permanent teeth and the presence of moderate gingivitis. In the laboratory phase of the study, a statistically significant difference (2-fold) in the mixed saliva of children with HPP was found in a two-fold decrease in IAP secretion. Reduced levels of vitamin D concentration and OPT minute secretion in mixed saliva in children with HPP are associated with the development of caries in permanent teeth and soft tissue inflammation. Conclusions. The identified changes in biochemical parameters (IBP, vitamin D, OPT, and OPT) in mixed saliva allow us to recommend them as markers for identifying the risk of impaired formation and mineralization of dental and periodontal tissues in children with hypophosphatasia.

This review is devoted to a systematic analysis of studies aimed at investigating plant extracts, essential oils and phytochemical compounds capable of inhibiting Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation. This paper investigates the effect of extracts, essential oils and individual plant compounds on inhibiting the biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans, one of the major pathogens responsible for the development of dental caries. Using cultural microbiology and molecular biology techniques, the authors describe the mechanisms by which plant samples reduce Streptococcus mutans adhesion and growth. The results show that several plant components have antibacterial properties, contributing to the reduction of Streptococcus mutans colony numbers and inhibiting the synthesis of extract-exopolysaccharide matrices required for biofilm formation. This work highlights the potential of botanicals in inhibiting Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation, which can be applied as natural antimicrobial agents in the prevention and treatment of dental diseases. Views on the use of these plant extracts and their components in dental preparations such as toothpastes, rinses and gels aimed at preventing dental caries are evaluated. The review shows the relevance of the research to optimizing the use of plant extracts, essential oils, individual compounds and their active actions in the control of Streptococcus mutans biofilms.