Methods and indicators for evaluating green jobs

Abstract

Aim. To develop a set of indicators for assessing “green” workplaces that allow characterizing the impact of such workplaces on the health and working capacity of employees, their position in the workplace, on the main economic indicators of the organization, on the environment.Objectives. To identify and characterize the methods of assessing the number and qualitative composition of jobs used in Russia and foreign countries; to conduct a comparative analysis of the used methods of assessing jobs, to identify their advantages and disadvantages; to develop indicators and propose a methodology for assessing “green” jobs, allowing to assess the impact of the workplace on human health and social status, the economy, the environment, which will make it possible to form a set of measures necessary for the successful transformation of the labor market in the direction of the labor market.Methods. The author applied the methods of systemic, logical and comparative analysis, analysis of scientific literature, classifications and groupings, statistical processing of federal and regional indicators of accounting for the number of jobs and their qualitative composition.Results. The analysis of domestic and foreign literature has shown that in modern conditions there are many methodologies for assessing the number of “green” jobs in different countries, which differ significantly in terms of both the criteria for classifying jobs as “green” and the indicators for assessing their impact on the economy and society. In Russia, the number of green jobs is not currently assessed. This makes it difficult to analyze the state of the “green” segment of the economy and the main areas of its impact on society, the environment, health and working capacity of workers, and prevents the identification of shortcomings in the “green” segment of the labor market and the successful development of measures to implement the “green” transition. In this regard, it is advisable to use a comprehensive methodology for assessing the state of green jobs in the organization, which includes such components as environmental protection, decent work, high-tech. The “environmental protection” component involves the assessment of such parameters as the impact of workplaces on the region’s water resources and environmental pollution. The component “decent labor” includes the assessment of key parameters of the socio-economic status of workers, in particular, the state of wages, job security, and working conditions. The block “high-tech” is aimed at assessing the parameters of labor productivity and performance, resource saving.Conclusions. The proposed methodology makes it possible to conduct a comprehensive assessment of “green” jobs in terms of their impact on the region’s economy, the situation of workers in the labor sphere, the environment, to identify shortcomings and “bottlenecks”. The obtained information can serve as a basis for the development of a set of recommendations necessary for the successful implementation of the “green” transition.