Abstract
This study treats the determination of routes for evacuation on foot in earthquake disasters as a multi-objective optimization problem, and aims to propose a method for quantitatively searching for evacuation routes using a multi-objective genetic algorithm (multi-objective GA) and GIS. The conclusions can be summarized in the following three points. 1) A GA was used to design and create an evacuation route search algorithm which solves the problem of the optimization of earthquake disaster evacuation routes by treating it as an optimization problem with multiple objectives, such as evacuation distance and evacuation time. 2) In this method, goodness of fit is set by using a Pareto ranking method to determine the ranking of individuals based on their relative superiorities and inferiorities. 3) In this method, searching for evacuation routes based on the information on present conditions allows evacuation routes to be derived based on present building and road locations. Further, this method is based on publicly available information; therefore, obtaining geographic information similar to that of this study enables this method to be effective regardless of what region it is applied to, or whether the data regards the past or the future. Therefore, this method has high degree of spatial and temporal reproducibility.
Highlights
Based on experiences in the Great Hanshin Earthquake (1995) and the Great East Japan Earthquake (2011), inHow to cite this paper: Shimura, Y. and Yamamoto, K. (2014) Method of Searching for Earthquake Disaster Evacuation Routes Using Multi-Objective GA and GIS
1) A GA was used to design and create an evacuation route search algorithm which solves the problem of the optimization of earthquake disaster evacuation routes by treating it as an optimization problem with multiple objectives, such as evacuation distance and evacuation time
2) In this method, goodness of fit is set by using a Pareto ranking method to determine the ranking of individuals based on their relative superiorities and inferiorities
Summary
Based on experiences in the Great Hanshin Earthquake (1995) and the Great East Japan Earthquake (2011), inHow to cite this paper: Shimura, Y. and Yamamoto, K. (2014) Method of Searching for Earthquake Disaster Evacuation Routes Using Multi-Objective GA and GIS. In 2011, in “Towards Reconstruction” [1], the Reconstruction Design Council in Response to the Great East Japan Earthquake offered the opinion that self-help which takes the form of the idea of “escape” from disaster should be made the basis of the approach to reducing the effects of natural disasters, and in order to enable this, measures concerning more intangible aspects should be emphasized. These measures include thorough disaster prevention education conducted using mutual aid and the provision of hazard maps by public bodies. The evacuation plans formulated are influenced by the subjective points of view of the creators, and uncertainty remains as to whether they would be of practical use in a disaster
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