Metastatic Angioinvasive Lymphoma (Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis) in a Cat

Abstract

A subcutaneous mass removed from the right rear leg of a 17-year-old, spayed, female Domestic Shorthair cat was characterized histopathologically by granulomatous inflammation, sheets of large atypical lymphoid cells, and necrosis. The walls of the small and medium caliber blood vessels were invaded transmurally by atypical lymphoid cells. A diagnosis of angioinvasive lymphoma (AIL), or lymphomatoid granulomatosis, was made based on histopathologic findings. The cat was euthanized 2 months later because of recurrence of the mass and elevated serum alanine aminotransferase activity, and a necropsy was performed. The histopathologic lesion of AIL was seen in the skin and subcutis of the right rear leg, and neoplastic cell infiltrates were seen in adjacent skeletal muscle, right superficial inguinal lymph node, liver, and spleen. By immunohistochemistry, variable numbers of neoplastic cells expressed B-lymphocyte antigen 36 (BLA36) or cluster of differentiation (CD)3 markers, indicative of B- and T-cell lineages, respectively. Neoplastic cells were uniformly positive for vimentin and uniformly negative for cytokeratins and myeloid/histiocytic antigen. Although the cat had received a Rabies virus vaccine subcutaneously in the right rear leg 6 months earlier, the AIL lesion was not typical of vaccine-induced sarcomas. The AIL in this cat was unusual because the extrapulmonary metastases involved the skin and subcutis.