Abstract
A dual layer periodically patterned metamaterial inspired antenna on a low cost FR4 substrate is designed, simulated, fabricated, and tested. The eigenmode dispersion simulations are performed indicating the left handed metamaterial characteristics and are tunable with substrate permittivity. The same metamaterial unit cell structure is utilized to fabricate a metascreen. This metascreen is applied below the proposed metamaterial antenna and next used as superstrate above a simple patch to study the effects on impedance bandwidth, gain, and radiation patterns. The experimental results of these antennas are very good and closely match with the simulations. More importantly, the resonance for the proposed metamaterial antenna with metascreen occurs at the left handed (LH) eigenfrequency of the metamaterial unit cell structure. The measured −10 dB bandwidths are 14.56% and 22.86% for the metamaterial antenna with single and double metascreens, respectively. The metascreens over the simple patch show adjacent dual band response. The first and second bands have measured −10 dB bandwidths of 9.6% and 16.66%. The simulated peak gain and radiation efficiency are 1.83 dBi and 74%, respectively. The radiation patterns are also very good and could be useful in the UWB wireless applications.
Highlights
Patch antennas have been the most demanded candidates for research activity due to their multiple advantages like low cost, low profile, being easy to fabricate, compact size, and conformability with the monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMIC) [1, 2]
The left handed material (LHM) characteristic is indicated by the negative slope of these curves
Permittivity variation keeps left handed characteristics of the curve intact but only scales the frequency response to the desired frequency band giving an option for substrate based tunability
Summary
Patch antennas have been the most demanded candidates for research activity due to their multiple advantages like low cost, low profile, being easy to fabricate, compact size, and conformability with the monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMIC) [1, 2]. It is the most widely used component in the wireless industry. Metamaterials are artificially engineered homogeneous media with controllable electric and magnetic responses to give unusual and useful phenomena [3] These materials are characterized by either dispersion relations or by constitutive electromagnetic parameters. Researchers have investigated extensively to improve its features like return loss, VSWR, bandwidth, gain, and directivity [12,13,14,15,16,17]
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