Abstract
This work aims at a broad overview of the results obtained with metal-sulfide materials in the field of chemoresistive gas sensing. Indeed, despite the well-known electrical, optical, structural and morphological features previously described in the literature, metal sulfides present lack of investigation for gas sensing applications, a field in which the metal oxides still maintain a leading role owing to their high sensitivity, low cost, small dimensions and simple integration, in spite of the wide assortment of sensing materials. However, despite their great advantages, metal oxides have shown significant drawbacks, which have led to the search for new materials for gas sensing devices. In this work, Cadmium Sulfide and Tin (IV) Sulfide were investigated as functional materials for thick-film chemoresistive gas-sensors fabrication and they were tested both in thermo- and in photo-activation modes. Furthermore, electrical characterization was carried out in order to verify their gas sensing properties and material stability, by comparing the results obtained with metal sulfides to those obtained by using their metal-oxides counterparts. The results highlighted the possibility to use metal sulfides as a novel class of sensing materials, owing to their selectivity to specific compounds, stability, and the possibility to operate at room temperature.
Highlights
The great challenge of nanostructured materials lies in the control of their properties by the grain size, which combines bulk and surface effects [1,2,3,4]
A deepened characterization of the obtained products is fundamental to improving the synthesis process for achieving the best possible sensing material
This work presented an investigation of the usage of metal sulfides for chemoresistive gas sensing, with particular emphasis on two materials, i.e., Cadmium Sulfide and Tin (IV) sulfide
Summary
The great challenge of nanostructured materials lies in the control of their properties by the grain size, which combines bulk and surface effects [1,2,3,4]. Low-dimensional nanostructures have been prepared with various morphologies and have attracted research attention because of their fundamental role in the comprehension of the quantum size effect and great potential applications [5,6]. Highly attractive properties and novel applications have resulted from well-aligned one-dimensional nanostructures on substrates, because they play a key role as both interconnections and functional components in improving performance of technologically advanced devices [8,9]. Two-dimensional (2D) nanostructures, i.e., nanosheets, nanoplates, and nanowalls, are suggested to be ideal components for nanoscale devices used in data storage, nanoswitches and biological sensors, due to their nanometre-scale thickness, high surface-to-volume ratio, and fascinating photocatalytic and optical activities [12]
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