Abstract
Different fish species have specific requirements for essential fatty acids (EFAs). However, it is not well known whether cellular EFAs metabolism patterns among fish species are related to their differences in EFA requirements. In the present study, we used primary muscle cells from grass carp (GCM) and Nile tilapia (NTM), which has specific requirement of n-3 and n-6 EFA, respectively, to compare the fatty acids uptake, β-oxidation and esterification towards [1-14C]-labeled linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n-6) and linolenic acid (LNA, 18:3n-3). The results showed that the uptake rate of LNA was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than LA in GCM, but lower than LA in NTM. Total mitochondrial and peroxisomal β-oxidation efficiencies for LA were also significantly higher than those for LNA in GCM, while the opposite trend was observed in NTM. In GCM, the esterification of LNA into triacylglycerol (TG) was significantly lower than that of LA, but higher LNA esterification into phosphatidylcholine (PC) than LA was observed. However, the significantly higher LA esterification into TG and PC was observed in NTM. Additionally, LNA significantly upregulated the expressions of the genes related to lipid transportation, while significantly downregulated the expressions of the genes related to lipid catabolism in GCM. However, in NTM, the LA significantly upregulated the expressions of the genes related to lipid transportation, but did not change the expressions of the genes related to lipid catabolism and lipogenesis. In conclusion, GCM had specific preference to uptake and esterify LNA and tends to breakdown LA, while NTM preferred to uptake and esterify LA and tended to breakdown LNA. These differences are in accordance with the specific EFA requirements of grass carp and Nile tilapia. Our present study provides new information for understanding the specific EFA requirements of different fish species from the perspective of cellular EFAs metabolism.
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