Abstract
Introduction: People living with HIV (PLWHIV) are exposed to Metabolic Syndrome (MS), which increases their risk of having cardiovascular events and type 2 diabetes. No data on this subject is available in Togo. Objective: The objective of our study was to make an inventory of the metabolic syndrome among PLWHIV in Togo. Method: This was a prospective cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study on PLWHIV received at the day hospital of the Infectious Diseases Department of the Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital for a period of six months. Results: A total of 279 PLWHIV patients were enrolled, of which 237 (84.9%) were on Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment (HAART) and 42 (15.1%) were naive. Metabolic syndrome has been demonstrated in 28.7% of the study population. Abdominal obesity was the most represented component of MS with a proportion of 57.7%. Risk factors associated with MS were female sex (OR = 3.01; CI: 1.52 - 5.93; p 2 (OR = 3.29; CI: 1.92 - 5.64; p 3 (OR = 1.85; CI: 1.06 - 3.20; p < 0.029), high blood pressure (OR = 13.04; CI: 6.16 - 27.62; p < 0.001). Conclusion: There is a need to screen MS for PLWHIV so that risk factors associated with it can be addressed early.
Highlights
People living with HIV (PLWHIV) are exposed to Metabolic Syndrome (MS), which increases their risk of having cardiovascular events and type 2 diabetes
Contrary to the data in the literature, where the dominant trio of the metabolic syndrome (MS) components are HTG, HCH and high blood pressure (HBP) [14] [16] [18], HTG is the component least represented in our study behind hyperglycemia whether the patient is exposed to Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment (HAART) or naive
We found that abdominal obesity and HCH were significantly more represented in women, while men were significantly more affected by HBP and HTG
Summary
People living with HIV (PLWHIV) are exposed to Metabolic Syndrome (MS), which increases their risk of having cardiovascular events and type 2 diabetes. No data on this subject is available in Togo. Studies have reported the likely diabetogenic effect of protease inhibitors by inhibiting GLUT 4 receptors, insulin-sensitive receptors in muscle and adipose tissue [5] [6] [7]. These metabolic disturbances expose PLWHIV at risk of metabolic syndrome (MS). No study in Togo has yet addressed the issue of MS among PLWHIV
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