Abstract
The objective of this study was to clarify the species differences of metabolic stability of E28 in liver microsomes, and to study metabolic phenotypes of E28 in human liver microsomes by chemical inhibition method. The metabolites in plasma, urine, and faeces samples from mice received caudal vein intravenous were detected and identified by UHPLC–HRMS, and the tissue distribution was studied after oral administration. E28 was metabolised rapidly in liver microsomes of each species with a short half-live T1/2 and a moderate clearance, except for rats. The metabolic properties of E28 were similar in human and mouse liver microsomes. Data from metabolic phenotype studies indicated that CYP2D6, CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 were the main metabolic enzymes participating in the metabolism of E28. The main metabolic pathways implicated include oxidation, methylation, amide hydrolysis, acetylation, glucuronide conjugation. Tissue distribution studies showed that E28 could be detected in all organs and tissues after oral administration, with the highest level in the stomach and the lowest in the brain. In bone marrow cells, the concentration of E28 in all sample points were consistently higher than its half inhibitory concentration against MV4-11 tumour cells.
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