Mental Health in the Middle East: Historical Perspectives, Current Challenges, and Future Implications

Abstract

Mental health practices and services in the Middle East have been profoundly shaped by the region's rich historical and cultural context, intertwined with the traditions of major monotheistic religions. This analytical literature review synthesizes existing scholarly research to examine the historical development of mental health approaches, current challenges and barriers, and potential future implications. Tracing the evolution from ancient practices to the establishment of psychiatric institutions and the integration of Western medicine, the review uncovers the impact of the Middle East's unique heritage on its mental health landscape. Current challenges include pervasive stigma, inadequate training for healthcare professionals, limited access to evidence-based interventions, and cultural barriers hindering open communication. The review explores recommendations such as implementing e-mental health interventions, developing national mental health strategies, collaborating with traditional healers, promoting public education campaigns, providing culturally responsive services and training, and garnering robust government support. By bridging knowledge gaps, challenging systemic barriers, and fostering cross-cultural collaborations, the Middle East can pave the way towards destigmatizing mental health, increasing accessibility, and embracing comprehensive, culturally sensitive support for individuals and communities.