Abstract
AbstractThis review presents a new strategy for the electrochemical study of proteins and enzymes based on the use of membrane‐modified electrodes. In this approach, a thin layer of biological material is trapped between the electrode surface and a dialysis membrane. The advantages of such a procedure are underlined, including easiness, low cost, need of only small amounts of biological products, ability to study a large range of external parameters. The direct electrochemistry of various proteins is achieved via this technology. Applications of the membrane electrodes to the catalytic reduction of metals by bacterial cytochromes open an avenue to the use of sulfate‐reducing bacteria in the bioremediation of contaminated environmental. The membrane electrode technology has been used for determining the enzymatic activity of whole bacterial cells, allowing new insight in energetic metabolism of these bacteria to be achieved.
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