Abstract
In the last decade, the incidence of skin cancer has increased significantly and there is data that rank it as the most common form of malignancy in humans. Among the classified skin cancers, melanoma is the most severe with a significant mortality rate. The determining factor in the occurrence of skin cancer is generally recognised to be ultraviolet radiation. Skin pigmentation has been shown to provide a high degree of protection and this is due to melanin. In order to be able to consider certain hypotheses and to develop new approaches to melanoma, in this study it was studied the melanin content in certain cell types that have a direct connection with melanoma. The cell lines used in the study were: (i) human melanoma cell lines: A375, SK-MEL-1, SK-MEL-3, SK-MEL-5, SK-MEL-28, SH-4, and COLO 829; (ii) mouse melanoma cell lines: B164A5, B16F0, and B16F10; and (iii) healthy cell lines of human origin: HEMa (primary melanocytes), HaCaT (immortalised keratinocytes) and 1BR3 (human fibroblasts). The results obtained pointed out that A375, SK-MEL-28 and SK-MEL-5 cells do not produce melanin, SK-MEL-1, SH-4 and SK-MEL-3 cells produce melanin while COLO 829 cells � only in small passages produce melanin. Of the 3 lines of murine melanoma tested, the one that produces melanin in a higher concentration is B16F10, followed by B16F0 and B164A5.
Highlights
IntroductionMelanocytes - cells located in the basal layer of the epidermis - produce melanin that is deposited in melanosomes (membrane-bound organs) and transferred to neighbouring keratinocytes
Unique and specific, melanocytes - cells located in the basal layer of the epidermis - produce melanin that is deposited in melanosomes and transferred to neighbouring keratinocytes
Determination of melanin content in the extracellular environment In order to determine the melanin content of the medium from the tested samples, it was necessary to obtain the standard melanin curves in different culture media specific to each cell line
Summary
Melanocytes - cells located in the basal layer of the epidermis - produce melanin that is deposited in melanosomes (membrane-bound organs) and transferred to neighbouring keratinocytes. Depending on the wavelengths of ultraviolet radiation, specific mechanisms are triggered that differentially modulate melanocyte-specific markers, with a synergistic effect on melanogenesis when combining type A and type B UV radiation [3,4]. Diseases such as skin whitening and vitiligo, which are associated with a poor-quality life of patients from a cosmetic point of view and susceptibility to skin cancer, are due to melanocyte dysfunction [5].
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