Abstract
High frequency oscillations (HFOs) are electroencephalographic correlates of brain activity detectable in a frequency range above 80 Hz. They co-occur with physiological processes such as saccades, movement execution, and memory formation, but are also related to pathological processes in patients with epilepsy. Localization of the seizure onset zone, and, more specifically, of the to-be resected area in patients with refractory epilepsy seems to be supported by the detection of HFOs. The visual identification of HFOs is very time consuming with approximately 8 h for 10 min and 20 channels. Therefore, automated detection of HFOs is highly warranted. So far, no software for visual marking or automated detection of HFOs meets the needs of everyday clinical practice and research. In the context of the currently available tools and for the purpose of related local HFO study activities we aimed at converging the advantages of clinical and experimental systems by designing and developing a comprehensive and extensible software framework for HFO analysis that, on the one hand, focuses on the requirements of clinical application and, on the other hand, facilitates the integration of experimental code and algorithms. The development project included the definition of use cases, specification of requirements, software design, implementation, and integration. The work comprised the engineering of component-specific requirements, component design, as well as component- and integration-tests. A functional and tested software package is the deliverable of this activity. The project MEEGIPS, a Modular EEG Investigation and Processing System for visual and automated detection of HFOs, introduces a highly user friendly software that includes five of the most prominent automated detection algorithms. Future evaluation of these, as well as implementation of further algorithms is facilitated by the modular software architecture.
Highlights
Pathological interictal high frequency oscillations (HFO) are activity in the electroencephalogram (EEG) exceeding 80 Hz
We reviewed the current literature on HFO detection in general and implemented published algorithms as modules that can be plugged into the software framework
The presented software framework MEEGIPS is the result of a structured software development process
Summary
Pathological interictal high frequency oscillations (HFO) are activity in the electroencephalogram (EEG) exceeding 80 Hz. HFOs are said to point to the seizure onset zone more reliably than an underlying, potentially non-congruent lesion (Jacobs et al, 2009). This clinical potential was emphasized for HFOs in higher frequency bands (fast ripples, 250–500 Hz; as compared to ripples, 80–250 Hz; Jacobs et al, 2008). The assumed small size of cortical generators as well as the, relative to invasive data, poor signal-to-noise ratio are frequently stated as reasons for unsatisfactory HFO analysis results in scalp recordings. These factors affect the success of visual identification as well as the set of wide-spread analytical detection strategies
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