Abstract
ABSTRACT Arterial hypertension is a worldwide public health problem and the search for new medicines is one of the biggest challenges for the treatment of this pathology. Secondary metabolites of plants exhibit pharmacological properties of great phyto therapeutic interest. Cerrado is one of the largest biomes in Brazil and research with Cerrado plants as therapeutic resources is of growing interest. Our objective was to compile data regarding the Cerrado plants that already have some of their active compounds described and may potentially be used to treat arterial hypertension. We concluded that flavonoids, tannins, steroids and saponins exhibit important properties to low blood pressure. Thus, the species from Cerrado Brazilian such as pau-paraíba (Simarouba versicolor), pau-santo (Kielmeyera coriacea), abiu-do-cerrado (Pouteria torta), guarandi (Calophyllum brasiliense), bacaba (Oenocarpus bacaba), puçá-amarelo (Mouriri elliptica), fava-de-anta (Dimorphandramollis), murici (Byrsonima crassifolia) and cereja-do-cerrado (Eugenia calycina) are strong candidates for future herbal studies in this field.
Highlights
Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is characterized by the sustained maintenance of blood pressure (BP) above 130 and 139 mmHg for systolic and/or 80 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure
Systemic Arterial Hypertension - According to a survey by the World Health Organization (WHO) cited by the Brazilian Society of Cardiology (Précoma et al 2019), systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is responsible for 7.5 million premature and preventable deaths worldwide, being the main risk factor for several complications related to the development of cardiovascular diseases, such as stroke, acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, peripheral arterial disease and chronic kidney disease (Malachias et al 2016)
About 30% of the general Brazilian population is affected by SAH, generating a strong impact on the deaths caused by its complications and a challenge for public health (Précoma et al 2019)
Summary
Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is characterized by the sustained maintenance of blood pressure (BP) above 130 and 139 mmHg for systolic and/or 80 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure. The causes of SAH range from genetic, metabolic, behavioral factors and may even be caused by pathophysiological changes in other organs (Précoma et al 2019). The ideal treatment for SAH depends on the causes of the disease and on the patient’s response (Malachias et al 2016). Drug resistant SAH has been a concern, as it has become more and more frequent. The available drugs or their combination may not be effective for the treatment and many patients may present a silent evolution of symptoms, which may cause other cardiovascular diseases and culminate in death (Pijacka et al 2016, Pike et al 2017)
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