Abstract
Silicon (Si), the second most predominant element in the earth crust consists of numerous benefits to plant. Beneficial effect of Si has been apparently visible under both abiotic and biotic stress conditions in plants. Supplementation of Si improved physiology and yield on several important agricultural and horticultural crops. Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses that affect growth and yield. The presence of high concentration of salt in growing medium causes oxidative, osmotic, and ionic stresses to plants. In extreme conditions salinity affects soil, ground water, and limits agricultural production. Si ameliorates salt stress in several plants. The Si mediated stress mitigation involves various regulatory mechanisms such as photosynthesis, detoxification of harmful reactive oxygen species using antioxidant and non-antioxidants, and proper nutrient management. In the present review, Si mediated alleviation of salinity stress in plants through the regulation of photosynthesis, root developmental changes, redox homeostasis equilibrium, and regulation of nutrients have been dealt in detail.
Highlights
Salinity is one of the predominant abiotic stresses that affect agricultural production
The results showed that total chlorophyll and carotenoid content, net-photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration were increased in the salt treatments with Si supplementation
Application of Si consists of numerous benefits to plants in the alleviation of salinity stress by improving photosynthesis, redox balance, and nutrient management
Summary
Salinity is one of the predominant abiotic stresses that affect agricultural production. To overcome the salt stress plants need to improve ion exclusion, osmotic tolerance, redox homeostasis, and efficient photosynthesis. Wu et al [29] reported that Si decreased the Cd uptake by modulating the root endodermal suberin development in wheat It is correlated with higher expression of Cd efflux-related gene Triticum aestivum transmembrane 20 (TaTM20). It is correlated with higher expression of Cd efflux-related gene Triticum aestivum transmembrane 20 (TaTM20).Si efficiently. Na endeavor reports key mechanisms on the role of Si in overcoming salt stress such as restriction of via photosynthetic process, maintenance ofprocess, redox homeostasis, andof effective.
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