Abstract
A lightly damped elastic cylindrical bluff body, with axis normal to an incident flow, may, depending on flow and body parameters, experience one of three forms of transverse oscillation. A cylinder of noncircular section will, over certain ranges of attitude of the section to the flow, exhibit galloping oscillation arising from instability of the dynamical system to the transverse component of fluid force on the cylinder. The oscillation, which can be soft or hard, is analyzed using a quasistatic model and the theory of weakly nonlinear differential equations. Any cylindrical section has a characteristic frequency of wake vortex formation, proportional to flow velocity. At velocities for which this frequency is close to a natural frequency of the elastic system, a resonant vortex-induced oscillation will occur. No satisfactory theory is available, but measurements of surface loadings and wake phenomena during oscillation are providing data on which to build a theoretical model. Any cylinder may experience buffeting oscillations from random turbulent fluctuations in the incident flow and/or the cylinder wake. These oscillations can be analyzed by statistical methods.
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