Mechanisms of Biocontrolling Action of Yeasts in Post-Harvest Fruit: A Review

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the research is to address the biological control developed by yeasts in the post-harvest of fruits, based on a brief literature review on the subject. Theoretical Framework: The use of chemical control mechanisms and biocontrol is based on the increasing need for sustainable agricultural practices that ensure human health and environmental preservation. While synthetic fungicides are effective in combating fungal diseases, their excessive use raises concerns about pathogen resistance and public health risks. In this context, the development of biocontrol agents, such as yeasts, emerges as a viable and ecological alternative, promoting food safety and crop protection with a lower environmental impact. Method: A narrative literature review was conducted using major scientific databases to collect articles on the biological control of yeasts in the post-harvest of fruits. Key studies were evaluated to measure effectiveness and understand the mechanisms related to the biocontrol action of these yeasts. Results and Discussion: The predominant chemical control for fungal diseases is being replaced by sustainable alternatives, such as yeast-based biofungicides, which demonstrate effectiveness against pathogens in post-harvest settings. Mechanisms such as killer activity and the production of hydrolytic enzymes stand out in biocontrol. Although promising, further research is needed to deepen the understanding of biocontrol agents and their applications.