Abstract
We investigated the mechanisms of allogeneic stimulation induced TNF-α production in vitro by using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and Daudi lymphoblastoid B-cells. PBMC produced TNF-α in response to mitomycin C-treated or paraformaldehyde-fixed Daudi cells, reaching a peak level after 4–6 h of culture. Monocytes were identified as the major source of TNF-α produced during allogeneic cell interaction. The second potent producer of TNF-α was E-rosette non-forming natural killer cells. Purified T-cells did not produce significant levels of TNF-α, even in the presence of IL-1 and IL-6. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) down-regulated TNF-α production by monocytes, but in contrast interferon-γ (IFN-γ) moderately enhanced TNF-α production. Our results indicate that monocytes are mainly responsible for the production of TNF-α in response to allogeneic stimulation, and T-cells modulate monocyte function by their soluble factors.
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