Abstract
The overall objective of this study was to determine the mechanisms of acylcarnitine‐mediated enhancement of calcium transport across Caco‐2 cells. The different mechanisms of enhancement postulated are (a) loosening of tight junctions, thereby promoting paracellular transport;(b)opening of calcium channels, thus increasing calcium entry; and(c)stimulation of the basolateral Ca‐ATPase pump, thereby aiding calcium extrusion. Although the existence of calcium channels and the reversal of verapamil‐mediated inhibition of calcium uptake by acylcarnitines were demonstrated for the first time in Caco‐2 cells, the channels do not appear to be a major contributing factor to the enhancement of calcium transport by acylcarnitines. Calmidazolium, a potent Ca‐ATPase pump inhibitor in tissues such as rat intestinal segments, failed to inhibit this pump in Caco‐2 cells. Thus, the predominant mechanism of enhancement of calcium transport by acylcarnitines in the Caco‐2 model appears to be via promotion of paracellular transport.
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