Measuring what matters: Revisiting internet exposure of OT networks

IntroductionIn culturally conservative environments, adolescents are more likely to seek sexual health information from the internet, where traditional channels of communication are hindered. However, mere exposure to the internet does not directly translate into knowledge, as this relationship is shaped by critical individual factors, such as adolescents’ self-efficacy and functional digital health literacy.ObjectiveThe present study investigates the relationship between internet exposure and HIV/AIDS knowledge among Indian adolescents, specifically examining the mediating role of self-efficacy and the moderating role of functional digital health literacy.MethodsData for this study were drawn from Wave 2 (2018–19) of the Understanding the Lives of Adolescents and Young Adults (UDAYA) survey. The final sample included 6,103 adolescents (n = 2,159 males; n = 3,944 females). Statistical analyses included Spearman’s rank-order correlation, mediation and moderated mediation analysis using Hayes’ PROCESS macro.ResultsCorrelational analysis showed that internet exposure was positively associated with HIV/AIDS knowledge (r = 0.21, p < 0.001). Mediation analysis revealed that self-efficacy significantly mediated this relationship (Bindirect = 0.004, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.007), accounting for 4.8% of the total effect. Moderated mediation analysis further demonstrated that this mediation effect was conditional on functional digital health literacy levels (Index = 0.01, 95% CI: 0.003, 0.02).ConclusionThe findings indicate that self-efficacy acts as the mediator between internet exposure and HIV/AIDS knowledge, with functional digital health literacy moderating this process. Policymakers should incorporate comprehensive digital health literacy elements and self-efficacy enhancement strategies into current health education modules in order to maximize knowledge acquisition and intervention impact.

This paper investigated the nature of relationship between internet exposure and the sexual health of university undergraduates in Benue State. The main objective was to assess the extent to which internet exposure has affected the sexual health of university undergraduates in Benue State. A sample of 400 students (two hundred students each) was selected from each of the two universities in Makurdi metropolis (Benue State University and University of Agriculture). Survey method was used, with questionnaire and interview as instruments for data collection. Findings showed that internet exposure, particularly exposure to pornographic sites, e-mailing and on–line chatting had negative effects on the students. For instance, it was noted that these have corrupted the minds of the students (most of who were in their late teens or early twenties) by exciting their curiosity about sex; which, normally peaks at this period of human development. Results also showed that these exposures drive sexual experimentation, and in some cases, promote repeat sexual practices. However, these practices, as some respondents have noted, often lead to unplanned pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV/AIDS, and other dangers. On the whole, the findings suggested that internet exposure has led to sexual promiscuity among university undergraduates in Benue State. This in turn, has led to such sexual health problems as unwanted pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases, and abortion-related complications among others. It is therefore recommended, among others, that University undergraduates should de-emphasize patronage of pornographic sites.

Internet exposure during adolescence and age at first marriage

This research work was carried out to analyze the utilization of internet as a communication media by Staff of Provincial DKP Secretariat. The population of the study is Staff of Provincial DKP Secretariat in 34 province in Indonesia. Survey method of the research and stratified random sampling were used to select 68 Staff for the study. The data was presented and analyzed in tables and average scores. The research found that internet exposure of Staff of Provincial DKP Secretariat is high. However, its utilization is still low. The research also showed that: (1) individual characteristics (age, period of work, and training) are significantly correlated with internet exposure (frequency and channel variety); (2) motivation (intrinsic motivation) is significantly correlated with internet exposure (duration and the situation of exposure); (3) internet exposure (duration, frequency, and the situation of exposure) are significantly correlated with utilization of internet (communication and coordination).

Enhancing societal tolerance towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is crucial for curbing the spread of the disease. We investigate the impact of Internet exposure on netizens’ tolerant attitudes toward PLWHA. We analyzed data from 11,927 netizens surveyed in the Chinese Social Survey (CSS) conducted in 2017, 2019, and 2021. An ordered probit model was employed to examine the direct association between Internet exposure and netizens’ tolerant attitudes toward PLWHA. During this period, Chinese netizens’ tolerant attitudes toward PLWHA have increased. Internet exposure enhances netizens’ tolerant attitudes toward PLWHA. Social participation mediates the positive impact of Internet exposure on netizens’ attitudes toward PLWHA. Additionally, subjective social status amplifies the beneficial influence of Internet exposure and social participation on these attitudes. Male netizens derive greater benefits from social participation in fostering tolerance toward PLWHA compared to female netizens. Additionally, Internet exposure exhibits a double-edged sword effect on netizens’ tolerant attitudes toward PLWHA. This study represents the first systematic investigation into the impact of Internet exposure on netizens’ tolerant attitudes toward PLWHA, which is conducive to improving the social status and health welfare of PLWHA.

Higher impulsivity after exposure to the internet for individuals with high but not low levels of self-reported problematic internet behaviours

ABSTRACTAlthough practitioners and researchers have considered children’s television-based terrorism exposure, Internet-based exposure has not been sufficiently examined. We examined the scope and correlates of children’s Internet-based exposure following the Boston Marathon bombing among Boston-area youth (N = 460; 4–19 years), and the potential moderating role of age. Further exploratory analyses examined patterns of caregiver attempts to regulate child Internet exposure. Caregivers reported on child Internet-based and direct exposure to traumatic bombing-related events, and youth posttraumatic stress. Online youth consumed on average more than 2 daily hr of Internet coverage, and roughly one third consumed more than 3 daily hr of coverage. Internet exposure was particularly high among children older than 12. Greater Internet-based exposure was associated with posttraumatic stress, and 12- to 15-year-olds were particularly vulnerable. Further exploratory analyses found that although most caregivers reported believing media exposure can cause children further trauma, a considerable proportion of caregivers made no attempt to restrict or regulate their child’s Internet-based exposure. These findings help practitioners clarify forms of indirect exposure that can place youth at risk following terrorism. Future work is needed to examine the important roles that caregivers play as media regulators and as promoters of child coping and media literacy following terrorism.

Using a survey of 1,280 Chinese college students, this article explores the impact of Internet use in China on political beliefs. By controlling for overall Internet exposure and differentiating between visits to government websites and to non-government on-line sources, I find that the more students browse ‘vertically’, the more supportive they are of the regime and the less they endorse democratic norms, and that the more they browse ‘horizontally’, the more likely they are to agree with democratic norms but are not significantly less willing to support the regime. I also find that Party membership raises support for the regime, and that family income exerts a U-shaped impact on regime support, but neither has an independent and significant effect on agreement with democratic values. Analyses of other individual characteristics further refine the finding that regime support and democratic orientation do not necessarily contradict each other. Students who do not strongly support the current regime are not necessarily democracy seekers.

This contribution gauges the implication of the Internet's development from a niche to a mass communication technology for political behavior in Switzerland. Our theoretical framework allows to understand the conflicting effects of Internet exposure on polarization, political knowledge, trust in government, and interest in politics found by previous studies. Drawing on data from the Voxit surveys of popular votes from 2000 to 2010 as well as the Swiss Household Panel from 2000 to 2009, we show that the net effect of Internet exposure means increasing political polarization, less individual trust in government, more motivation for politics, and invariant political sophistication. This evidence leads to an overall ambivalent assessment regarding the role of the Internet for the disengagement or mobilization among Swiss citizens. The results are more robust compared to extant studies, since selection models and panel analysis are applied to control for sample bias and to isolate causal effects. Furthermore, only Internet exposure which directly relates to politics is considered, exposure to other potentially influential media is controlled for and an extensive time period is studied.

While prior studies pinpoint that Internet can reduce communicational costs thus help expand potential markets, few studies have examined whether and how Internet would alter incumbent managerial routines and logics. The examination of family firms (FFs) presents an important agenda since they are known as reluctant to dilute controlling powers but also embrace the Internet technology that calls for opposite logics. To understand whether and how Internet influences the family’s desires for control, we invoked institutional logics theory and argue that the strength of the desires is a matter of balance between multiple institutional logics. Specifically, we proposed that FFs with greater Internet exposure should present relaxed desires for family control whereas the power of family logics manifested by the current (i.e. family ownership) and transgenerational (i.e. intention of intra-family succession) control should drag down the changes toward open logics. Based on a recent Chinese national survey data, we found strong supports for the hypotheses except the moderating effect of transgenerational control. Overall, the study contributes to the literature by pinpointing the additional effects of Internet exposure onto managerial routines while introducing additional antecedents of professionalization for FFs. It also presents new evidence of institutional logics pluralism by sketching the interactions between technological changes and family logic.

Background: As the Internet penetrates homes and schools, it’s now become one of the major sources of information in adolescents’ life. The amount of time adolescents spent in front of this media is likely to increase as its availability, affordability and anonymity brought generous advantages for them. Nevertheless, despite its benefits, many studies revealed that the Internet also brought very serious risks to adolescents’ sexual attitudes and behaviors. This study examined the influence of the Internet and other factors contributing to adolescents’ sexual attitudes. Methods : It was a cross-sectional study, employing a self-administered questionnaire in a semi-school setting involving 320 students in Semarang. Result : 45.9% of the adolescents had permissive sexual attitudes. Sex, peer influence, television exposure, internet exposure, and internet content were significantly correlated to adolescents’ sexual attitudes whereas living arrangements, family relations, knowledge, printed media exposure and motive of internet access were not. The likelihood of having more permissive sexual attitudes was 3.93 and 1.81 times higher among adolescents who were unable to mention any websites and those who accessed entertainment websites. Adolescents with higher internet exposure were 0.28 times less likely to have more permissive sexual attitudes. This study indicates that the Internet exposure does not form adolescents’ sexual attitudes. It was not exposure to the medium, but users’ attitudes toward it which lead them to have permissive sexual attitudes.

The usage of the Internet and other related technologies has never been without any consequences. One such consequence is what commonly referred to as cyber aggression, a new form of abusing someone online, which has become a new growing problem in today's society. Cyber aggression offers convenient opportunities to humiliate, bully, or harass another person online. Global studies on cyber aggression found that youths who were aggressed online are reported feeling depressed, anxious, afraid, showing poor academic performance, experiencing eating disorders, and substance abuse usages such as drugs and alcohol. On that account, the study aims to investigate the interrelationships between predictive factors namely peer attachment, parental attachment, exposure to the Internet and cyber aggression-victimization among youths. The renowned general aggression model (GAM) is applied to understand the phenomenon. A sample of 430 urban youths aged between 13 and 18 years living within Klang Valley area were randomly selected to participate in the study. Data were gathered through a self-report questionnaire and later analyzed using SPSS and AMOS. The results revealed several noteworthy findings; the majority of respondents made use of the Internet approximately 7 to 21 hours per day especially during weekends with surfing social media being the major purpose, followed by entertainment and playing online games. A relatively significant number of youths are engaged with cyber victimization through written-verbal and online exclusion. Finally, the structural path analysis indicates that the Internet exposure is the strongest predictor associated with cyber aggression-victimization. Based on these findings, the implications and recommendations for future investigations with reference to the current theoretical framework and empirical findings on cyber aggression-victimization are thoroughly discussed.
 Keywords: Cyber aggression, Cyberbullying, Internet exposure, Klang Valley, Parental and peer attachment, Victimization, Youth.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of internet exposure, nutrition, and physical activity on girls in grades V and VI at SDN Plawad II Karawang in 2022 at the age of menstruation. Analytical research with a cross-sectional approach is the method used. The research was conducted at SDN Plawad II Karawang. The research data uses a questionnaire sheet. The number of respondents was 68 people. By using the Chi Square test, data analysis statistical test results showed that variables related to internet exposure had a p value of 0.010, nutritional status had a p value of 0.041, and physical activity had a p value of 0.003 indicating that the p value is less than 0.05. Thus it can be concluded that internet exposure, nutritional status, and physical activity affect menstrual age in grades V and VI students at SDN Plawad II Karawang in 2022. The School Health Unit (UKS) seeks to improve communication, information, and education (IEC) with provide counseling to students on how to wisely use the internet and live a healthy life with balanced nutrition. Keywords:Compliance, Triple Elimination, Integrated ANC, Pregnant Women ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh paparan internet, gizi, dan aktivitas fisik pada anak perempuan kelas V dan VI di SDN Plawad II Karawang tahun 2022 pada usia menstruasinya. Penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional adalah metode yang digunakan. Penelitian dilakukan di SDN Plawad II Karawang. Data penelitian menggunakan lembar Kuesioner. Jumlah responden sebanyak 68 orang. Dengan menggunakan Uji Chi Square, analisis data Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang berkaitan dengan paparan internet memiliki nilai p 0,010, status gizi memiliki nilai p 0,041, dan aktivitas fisik memiliki nilai p 0,003 yang menunjukkan bahwa nilai p kurang dari 0,05. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa paparan internet, status gizi, dan aktivitas fisik berpengaruh terhadap usia menstruasi pada siswa kelas V dan VI di SDN Plawad II Karawang tahun 2022. Unit Kesehatan Sekolah (UKS) berupaya meningkatkan komunikasi, informasi, dan edukasi (KIE) dengan memberikan penyuluhan kepada siswa tentang cara bijak menggunakan internet dan hidup sehat dengan gizi seimbang. Kata Kunci: Aktivitas Fisik, Keterpaparan Internet, Status Gizi, Usia Menarche

Both media use and cancer knowledge have been identified as important predictors of a healthy lifestyle. However, little is known about the interplay between these two variables, and about differences between cancer diagnosed and non-diagnosed consumers of media and knowledge. This study investigated the relationship between media use (television and internet exposure) and lifestyle choices of cancer diagnosed and non-diagnosed individuals, and looked at the influence of cancer knowledge on this relationship. A cross-sectional, quantitative survey (the Leuven Cancer Information Survey) was administered to 621 cancer diagnosed and 1387 non-diagnosed individuals, aged 16-88 years old in Flanders (Belgium). Bivariate analyses, hierarchical linear regression analyses and advanced moderation and mediation analyses were conducted. Internet exposure was not a predictor of lifestyle choices. Television exposure, however, was a negative predictor of healthy lifestyle choices. Moreover, television exposure was a direct negative predictor of cancer knowledge, which in turn positively predicted lifestyle choices. However, no differences were found in the investigated relationships between the two subsamples. These results indicate that higher levels of television exposure coincide with less cancer knowledge and with less healthy lifestyle choices. It offers a pathway for intervention by suggesting that improving cancer knowledge through television might positively affect lifestyle choices.

PurposeGiven the growing preference for internet celebrity restaurants, it is crucial to explore how internet celebrity restaurants can maintain customer loyalty. Therefore, this study aims to examine the connections between brand cognition [emotion value, brand symbol (BS) and brand experience (BE)], brand resonance (BR) and revisit intention.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the authors use a theoretical model to test the relationship between cognition and intention. A total of 366 volunteers were recruited to participate in this research. Hypothesis testing and a moderated mediation model were used to measure the results.FindingsBR acts as a mediator in the interaction between emotion value, BS, experience and repurchase intention (RI). Surprisingly, the authors also discover that electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM) acceptance negatively modifies the relationship between brand cognition and BR. Internet exposure (IE) helps consumers perceive BE and BSs more favorably.Practical implicationsManagers should be aware of how internet celebrity BR is built. Specifically, they can use cultural or emotional elements to maintain relationships with consumers. Furthermore, to lessen the negative consequences of e-WOM, managers should work to maintain positive WOM consistency.Originality/valueThe research advances our knowledge of RI in internet celebrity restaurants settings. This study pioneers an investigation of how brand cognition is related to RI through BR’s mediating effect. It enriches this research perspective of the emerging restaurant literature. By analyzing the boundary impact of internet transmission on resonance, it also advances the literature.