MEASURING ONLINE MOBILISATION POTENTIAL FROM A MICRO-NARRATIVES SURVEY: LEADING CONCERNS FOR POST-YUGOSLAV RESIDENTS IN AUSTRIA, GERMANY, AND CROATIA

This study is a report of an investigation of the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Menstrual Attitude Questionnaire. Cultural, social and family environments influence women's beliefs about and attitudes towards menstruation. Awareness of these beliefs and/or attitudes and their cultural origins is necessary to understand women and their reactions to menstruation when offering health care. Although the Menstrual Attitude Questionnaire has been used in several studies, the psychometric properties of the Turkish version have not been investigated. Confirmatory factor analyses were carried out with two different samples - high school (n = 650) and undergraduate university students (n = 569) - in Turkey in the spring semester of 2006. Exploratory factor analyses were then used to modify the factor structure. Confirmatory factor analysis did not confirm the factor model reported in the United States of America. However, compared with British and Indian samples, Turkish attitudes showed better fit than both British and Indian samples with comparative fit index values of 0.776 and 0.797 for the high school and university samples respectively. Finally, exploratory factor analysis yielded a 28-item measure for the high school sample and 31-item measure for the university sample, with a 5-factor solution. Reliability estimates of both scales were satisfactory, being 0.73 for the high school and 0.79 for the university sample. The modified 5-factor Menstrual Attitude Questionnaire could be a useful tool for assessing menstrual attitudes among Turkish high school and university students. The overall score permits comparison with results from earlier studies using the original instrument.

transfer, create conditions for the establishment of farmers' behavioral psychological contracts in the process of agricultural land transfers, and guide farmers to establish relationship psychological contracts. The second is to improve the market system, properly cultivate and develop agricultural land transfer intermediaries, reduce transaction costs, and reduce the probability of farmers' psychological contracts being broken. The third is to guide farmers to establish a positive agricultural land transfer psychology based on their resource endowments such as labor force quality and cultural quality, and encourage farmers to make agricultural land transfer decisions such as subcontracting, leasing, reselling, and interchanging.

Relational theories of human development explain how stereotypes and their underlying ideologies thwart social connections that are fundamental for individuals to thrive, especially in early adolescence. Intervention research to address this crisis of connection is still emergent and active listening is one promising strategy to this end; however, its efficacy has not been examined in part because no validated measures of active listening for this population exist. This validation study is the first to examine whether the behavioral dimensions of one form of active listening can be captured using a coding scheme to assess adolescents' engagement in a live interviewing task (N = 293). Importantly, the measure was developed within the context of a theory-driven intervention to train adolescents in transformative curiosity and listening to enhance connection. Findings indicate that two dimensions underlie the measure as hypothesized, open-ended questions and follow-up questions, with acceptable internal consistency. The measure is sensitive to change in adolescents' questioning skills before and after the intervention. Further, asking follow-up questions was positively related to empathy and also predicted a respondent's perception of their interviewer as a good listener. The effect for asking open-ended questions was moderated by dyad-level tendencies to elicit disclosure from others. The current measure not only examines question asking as a more nuanced behavioral dimension of active listening than previous measures, it is also the first to do so among a sample of early adolescents. The measure will be useful in assessing active listening interventions' efficacy to address the crisis of connection.

Is there a Gulf War syndrome?

The purpose of the present study was to develop the question asking strategies awareness scale (QASAS) and to describe the psychometric properties of the scale. The justification for the current study was the lack of a measurement tool in the national context that explores the teachers’ in-class questioning practices during instructional activities in-depth and supported by a discursively-oriented theoretical background. Data gathering process was conducted by reaching 664 teachers from diverse teaching branches to develop the QASAS. The validity and reliability processes of the QASAS were completed by operating exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis in addition to calculating the Cronbach Alpha coefficient. The items of the QASAS were gathered around seven factors that are labelled as “MonitoringCritiquing-Eliciting”, “Challenging-Conceptual Change-Evidencing”, “Epistemic Authority & Prior Knowledge”, “Clarification-Conceptual Consistency”, “Open-ended & Close-ended”, “Selecting-eliminating through Follow-up Questions”, “Evaluating & Knowledge providing.” It is deduced that the factors of QASAS can measure teachers’ awareness regarding both learner-centred and teacher-centred discursive interactions. The QASAS may serve as a checklist for qualitative studies, in addition to being administrated as a data collection tool for large-scale surveying studies. QASAS is also a guide in determining the shortcomings of teachers’ professional development as well as designing and implementing pedagogically-oriented developmental activities.

BackgroundEthiopia does not have validated tools for assessing organizational commitment. The aim of this study was to develop an Ethiopian version of the organizational commitment questionnaire (OCQ-Eth) and to evaluate its psychometric properties in the assessment of organizational commitment in healthcare organizations in Ethiopia.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in 14 healthcare facilities of the Bench-Sheko zone. The collected data were entered into EpiData version 3.1. The data were then exported into STATA version 14.1 and SPSS version 22 for analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory factor analyses were performed for psychometric evaluation of OCQ in the Ethiopian context.ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis showed the original model for organizational commitment did not meet the acceptable model fit. After confirmatory factor analysis, exploratory factor analysis was performed and subsequent confirmatory factor analysis resulted in the development of OCQ-Eth with 16 items classified under four factors (continuance, affective, normative, and concern for the organization) which explained 61.2% of cumulative variance. The three measures of organizational commitment exhibited discriminant and convergent validity. The model fit was improved after exploratory factor analysis.ConclusionThe extracted factor structure exhibited acceptable goodness of fit. The instrument was fit to evaluate the organizational commitment of healthcare professionals of Ethiopia.

AimThe aim of the present study was to assess if a previously suggested short-form questionnaire tested among women with non-specific neck-shoulder pain is suitable also for use among men and...

The purpose of this study was to develop a self-reported measurement to assess the level of adolescent moral anger. Subjects were 855 adolescents (504 adolescents in sample 1; 351 adolescents in sample 2) via an online survey. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, content validity ratio, Pearson’s correlation analysis, explanatory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and internal consistency.BR The moral anger scale had 5 factors (25 items): anger at bullying, anger at general unfairness, anger at school-based unfairness, anger at selfishness, and anger at dishonesty. This moral anger measurement scale was found to have a strong validity. Confirmatory and explanatory factor analyses supported five sub-factors of moral anger with the adequate level of model fit index. Subscales of the moral anger scale showed significant correlations with scales of moral disengagement, empathy, and empathetic anger. Confirmatory factor analysis on data from the second sample indicated adequate fit for the moral anger scale, confirming its cross validity. This moral anger measurement scale also showed an acceptable level of reliability.BR These results indicate that this moral anger scale is a valid and reliable scale to determine the level of adolescent moral anger. This study can serve as a starting point for moral anger research, which will provide a cornerstone for new viewpoints of positive function of anger among adolescents.

Electronic Government (E-government) refers to the simplification and the transaction of business processes by the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), such as the Internet, to improve public service delivery. The implementation of E-government differs from country to country and is associated with a number of challenges for public administrators. Cloud computing is widely proposed as a solution to enhance the development of E-government. Previously, we have conducted a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to identify essential factors that influence the adoption of cloud computing for E-government implementation in developing countries. In this paper, we present a quantitative study involving 234 IT experts to confirm the significance of the identified factors. SPSS along with AMOS is employed to analyze the data. Confirmatory factor analysis, measurement model and structural model are executed. Findings indicate that the following factors significantly influence the adoption of cloud computing for E-government implementation in Iraq: complexity, compatibility, top management support, relative advantage, IT knowledge and security. The results show that trust and technology readiness have no significant influence on E-government implementation via cloud computing. On a wider perspective, non-technological factors require more attention than technological factors. This review will be useful to decision makers in governments and public sectors that intend to leverage cloud computing to overcome the challenges they face in implementing e-Government successfully.

Bu araştırmada, Tondeur ve diğerleri (2017) tarafından geliştirilen öğretmen adaylarına yönelik “Bilgi ve İletişim Teknolojisi Yeter-likleri Ölçeği’nin” Türkçe uyarlaması amaçlanmış ve psikometrik analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve psikometrik analizler 331 öğretmen adayı üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda ölçeğin 2 boyutlu modelinin Türk kültürüne uygun olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ölçek, 9 maddesi öğretmen adayının öğrencilerin bilişim teknolojilerini kullanımını destekleme, 7 maddesi ise bilişim teknolojilerini öğretim tasarımında kullanma öz yeterliği algısını ölçmek üzere iki faktör altında toplanmıştır. Ölçeğin iç tutar-lılığını gösteren Cronbach Alfa katsayısı ölçeğin bütünü için 0.944’dir. Buradan hareketle, ölçek öğretmen adaylarının bilgi ve iletişim teknoloji yeterliklerini ölçmede kullanılmak üzere güvenilir ve geçerli bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, yapılan psikometrik analizler göre de öğret-men adaylarının BİT yeterlik düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu, cinsiyet, sınıf ve yaş düzeyinin bu sonuçlar üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisinin olmadığı bulunmuştur.

We tested the reliability and validity ofthe Causal Dimension Scale (CDS) within success and failure conditions in a real-life achievement situation. A total of 260 undergraduate students who had just received their marks on a midterm exam were asked to fill out a questionnaire that included questions dealing with their perceptions of success and failure on the exam and on the CDS. Confirmatory factor and internal consistency analyses were performed on the overall sample, as well as on the data from the success and failure conditions. Results showed that internal consistency was found to be adequate for the Locus and Stability subscales but not for the Control subscale. Results of the confirmatory factor analyses provided partial support for the validity of the CDS factor structure in that three-factor solutions were obtained in all three conditions. However, further analyses revealed that an acceptable fit for the data was obtained only when obliqueness, involving the Locus factor with those of Stability and Control, and cross loadings were incorporated in the factor structures. Of particular interest were the findings ofa multigroup confirmatory factor analysis that revealed that solutions for the success and failure conditions were significantly different. The present set of findings provide some support for the reliability and validity of the CDS. However, we suggested that more work be conducted on the scale--especially the Control subscale--before the CDS can be used with full confidence in research.

Background. Phlegm pattern questionnaire (PPQ) was developed to evaluate and diagnose phlegm pattern in Korean Medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine, but it was based on a dataset from patients who visited the hospital to consult with a clinician regarding their health without any strict exclusion or inclusion. In this study, we reinvestigated the construct validity of PPQ with a new dataset and confirmed the feasibility of applying it to a healthy population. Methods. 286 healthy subjects were finally included and their responses to PPQ were acquired. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted and the model fit was discussed. We extracted a new factor structure by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and compared the two factor structures. Results. In CFA results, the model fit indices are acceptable (RMSEA = 0.074) or slightly less than the good fit values (CFI = 0.839, TLI = 0.860). Many average variances extracted were smaller than the correlation coefficients of the factors, which shows the somewhat insufficient discriminant validity. Conclusions. Through the results from CFA and EFA, this study shows clinically acceptable model fits and suggests the feasibility of applying PPQ to a healthy population with relatively good construct validity and internal consistency.

The Juvenile Sex Offender Assessment Protocol-II (J-SOAP-II) is a tool used to aid clinicians in assessing the sexual and criminal reoffense risk of male youths who have committed a sex offense. Despite its popularity, the factor structure has not been thoroughly assessed. The present study used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to test the factor structure of the four subscales of the J-SOAP-II in a group of youths aged 12-18 who were confined for sexual offenses (N = 909), and whether the fit is affected by youth race. The results showed a poor fit to the data. An ad-hoc goal was added, to propose a new factor structure using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) on one half of the data, and CFA on the second half of the data. The EFA identified three-factors: Sexual Offending and Victimization History, Risk for General Delinquency, and Antisocial Beliefs and Attitudes. This three-factor model, provided an improved, but not good, fit, indicating that further modifications to the J-SOAP-II are required to meaningfully capture risk-relevant latent constructs.

The high cost of contacting individuals encourages mobilizing institutions to maximize resources by targeting those most likely to effectively respond, resulting in stimulation of the politically engaged, civically skilled, and socioeconomically advantaged. By dramatically reducing communication costs, the Internet should eliminate the underpinning of this “rational prospecting.” However, because most e-mail addresses are not available in public directories and cultural norms make sending unsolicited e-mail politically risky, individuals generally must provide their e-mail address before receiving e-mail messages from political organizations. Online mobilization campaigns should disproportionately contact those with the political motivation and technical ability to submit their e-mail. The author tests these expectations about online political mobilization using a probability sample survey. Although most of the long-standing determinants of offline political mobilization fail to predict online mobilization, political interest and Internet skills powerfully determine online mobilization. However, because socioeconomic status, civic skills, and political interest directly predict online skills, these factors indirectly influence the likelihood of online mobilization.

Development and Validation of the Happiness Scale for Middle-Aged Women Based on Existence, Relation, and Growth Theory