Abstract
Abstract Surface energies of amorphous cellulose “beads” were measured by IGC at different temperatures (50 to 100°C) using n-alkane probes (pentane to undecane). The equation of Schultz and Lavielle was applied which relates the specific retention volume of the gas probe to the dispersive component of the surface energy of the solid and liquid, γd s and γd l, respectively, and a parameter (“a”) which represents the surface area of the gas probe in contact with the solids. At 50°C, γd s was determined to be 71.5 mJ/m2, and its temperature dependence was 0.36 mJ m−2 K−1. Compared with measurements obtained by contact angle, IGC results were found to yield higher values, and especially a higher temperature dependence, d(γd s)/dT. Various potential explanations for these elevated values were examined. The surface energy, as determined by the Schultz and Lavielle equation, was found to depend mostly on the parameter “a”. Two experimental conditions are known to affect the values of “a”: the solid surface and ...
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