Abstract
The solubility of 3-aminophenol was measured in water, isopropanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and tert-butyl methyl ether (MTBE) from 283.1 to 323.1 K at atmospheric pressure. In addition, the density of pure solvents and the saturated 3-aminophenol solutions was measured. The experimental solubility data were correlated and predicted using four types of thermodynamic models, including correlative (Wilson, NRTL, and UNIQUAC), semi-predictive (NRTL-SAC, and UNIQAUC-SAC), predictive group contribution methods (UNIFAC, and UNIFAC-DMD), and pure predictive COSMO-SAC model. The NRTL-SAC and UNIQUAC-SAC as semi-predictive models were used to obtain 3-aminophenol conceptual segment numbers, and then, using the NRTL-SAC model, the solubility of 3-aminophenol was predicted in 58 FDA approved solvents in the pharmaceutical industry. The predictive models including UNIFAC and UNIFAC-DMD were also used to predict the 3-aminophenol solubility and compared with the experimental data. The results of the COSMO-SAC model have a large deviation from experimental data. In addition, the experimental solubility data were correlated using the PR equation of state with relative success. The segment-based models such as NRTL-SAC and UNIQUAC-SAC are suggested in the fast solvent screening procedure. Finally, the standard dissolution enthalpy (ΔdisH), the standard dissolution entropy (ΔdisS), and the standard dissolution Gibbs energy (ΔdisG) of 3-aminophenol in the selected solvents were calculated by the Van’t Hoff model and the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation. These values imply that the solubility of 3-aminophenol is an entropy-driven non-spontaneous endothermic process in all chosen single solvents. Using the molecular dynamic (MD) simulation the solvation free energy of 3-aminophenol was calculated. The order of the absolute value of free energy of solvation is as ethyl acetate > isopropanol > MTBE > water > chloroform which is consistent with the order of solubility data.
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