Abstract
Background: The literature stated that Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection led to activation of coagulation, and habitually linked with an augmented risk of venous and arterial thrombosis. So the purpose of the study was to determine the plasma fibrinogen level in Sudanese HIV-infected patients.
 Materials and Methods: A total of one hundred participants were recruited, and classified into two groups; the case group include (50) HIV patients, and the control group enrolled (50) healthy individuals. Three ml of blood was collected. Fresh Poor Plasma was prepared from citrated venous blood by centrifuged for 15 minutes at 3000 pm. Fibrinogen levels were measured by an automated coagulation analyzer (Thrombolyzer XRC Germany). Data were collected using a directly structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 21. 
 Results: The present study showed that the mean of plasma fibrinogen levels was statistically significantly higher in HIV infection in comparison with those normal healthy control (470.50 ±67.75 vs 214.75±21.25 with P-value 0.00). There was a significantly decreased level of PT, and PTT among the HIV group comparing with the control (9.575±0.64, and 22.39±4.94) VS (12.483±0.72, and 30.78±3.55) consequently, (P-value ≤0.001). Fibrinogen levels were significantly increased with the progression of HIV disease (469.84 ±67.15, 472.74 ±87.75, 478.47 ±61.92) in stage I, stage II, and stage III respectively.
 Conclusions: An HIV-infected patient had elevated plasma fibrinogen levels, as well as other coagulation dysfunctions.
Highlights
Infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) induces a gradual worsening of the immune system due to a decrease in the amount of CD4+, and helper T cells in circulation, the immune system becoming compromised [1]
Coagulation disruptions in Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients can be related to the virus's effect, which can cause a variety of abnormalities that potentially contribute the patients to coagulation disorders
Among a total of one hundred subjects participates in the present study for measurement of plasma fibrinogen their age range between 20-50 years old, the mean ages of HIV patients group were 35.5±1.34 Standard Deviation (SD) years old, and the mean age of healthy control was 37.1±0.91 SD, with equal gender distribution
Summary
Infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) induces a gradual worsening of the immune system due to a decrease in the amount of CD4+, and helper T cells in circulation, the immune system becoming compromised [1]. Infection with HIV causes systemic inflammatory disease with prominent hematological disorders Such abnormalities increase in the last stage of disease, and are caused by a variety of factors, including immune-mediated cell destruction, direct cytopathic consequences of the virus, secondary to potential pathogens and malignancies, and drug toxicity [6,7]. The literature stated that Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection led to activation of coagulation, and habitually linked with an augmented risk of venous and arterial thrombosis. The purpose of the study was to determine the plasma fibrinogen level in Sudanese HIV-infected patients. Results: The present study showed that the mean of plasma fibrinogen levels was statistically significantly higher in HIV infection in comparison with those normal healthy control (470.50 ±67.75 vs 214.75±21.25 with P-value 0.00). There was a significantly decreased level of PT, and PTT
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