Measurement of Glucose in Blood Using a Simple Non Invasive Method

Abstract

The amount of glucose in blood of human beings should be controlled. The excess or deficiency in glucose of human blood can cause a variety of diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, cholesterol and blindness. We report the design and development of a simple spectrometer as a non-invasive method to determine glucose in urine. Note that glucose in urine, which is caused by exceeding glucose level from the threshold in the renal system, is correlated with that in blood since glucose is a part of acid hydrate in the digestive tract and is absorbed by the intestine in the blood circulation. Urine containing glucose is reacted with a benedict solution that in turn affects the turbidity of urine according to the glucose concentration in the urine. Urines with various turbidities were then placed in transparent containers sitting between a light emitting diode (LED) as a light source and a photodiode as a detector of the simple spectrometer. As the concentration of glucose in the mixture solution became higher, the mixture solution developed more turbid and the output voltage of the photodiode would then be smaller. Moreover, the color of LED affects the magnitude of light intensity that can be transmitted by the sample.