Abstract
Starting from the end of the 90s not perodic and unpredictable variations in the depth of harbor waters were observed. Long period (from 24 hours to a few days) and wide amplitude are their main features. Experience showed that this phenomenon is a risk for harbor navigation and mooring. It may be a serious obstacle to waterside port activities. The first observation of the data does not link the super-highs and the super-dry tides to the meteorological dynamic of sea-atmosphere interaction (i.e. Storm Effect). More, the attempt to compensate for these sea depth fluctuations by means of the well-known offshore hydrobarometric inverse parameter (1 [cm] sea level variation for ǃ [hPa] atmospheric pressure variation) underestimates the amplitude of the phenomenon. In the first years of 2000, the Italian Ministry of Transport launched a national project for the definition of thee-amplitude and time of these tidal anomalous waves. The measure of harbors hydrobarometric inverse factors showed a much more intense value than the theoretical one (computed for the offshore). These amplification factors are characteristic of each harbor and can be double (in exceptional cases even more) than offshore. The delay between the arrival times of these tidal waves (induced phenomenon) respect to the time of arrival of the atmospheric pressure variation (inducing phenomenon) depends on 1) morphology of the port basin sea floor and 2) harbor and off-shre water dynamics relationship (first approximation). For these reasons the hydro barometric inverse parameter is not effectiveness computable but it can be determined statistically.
Highlights
From 2000-2005 many Italian Port Authorities have detected anomalous fluctuations in the depth of port waters
The qualitative observation of changes in sea level in Italian ports showed the presence of exceptional phenomena of high and low tide both in amplitude and duration
Technological studies (MeNFor project Meteotide Newtonia Forecasting Tecnoproject) and phenomenological studies (GraMAS project Gravimetric Maritime Automatic System for Port Navigation Safety) have made it possible to quantify the amplitude of the hydrostatic component for these tide waves
Summary
From 2000-2005 many Italian Port Authorities have detected anomalous fluctuations in the depth of port waters. These events created an obstacle to port navigation and, more generally, to the merchant activities of the port. The purpose of the present research is the definition of the hydrostatic compensation law in port basins and the ability to predict the hydrostatic port-coastal compensation tide. The forecast of these events increases the safety of coastal and port navigation, of the ports waterside activities and allows optimizing the use of piers and docks
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