Abstract
Lone-actor terrorists have utilized a diverse range of weapons to conduct their attacks, ranging from simple melee weapons to firearms (both legal and illegal), vehicles, and explosives. A lone actor terrorist’s choice of weapon is influenced by prior examples of a weapon being used but also, crucially, by that weapon’s availability, a factor that is constrained by the societal and legal frameworks the lone actor terrorist operates in. This is particularly evident with firearms, with more permissive gun control regimes often allowing for easier access to semi-automatic rifles. The use of these weapons has become particularly evident in the United States after the expiry of the Federal Assault Weapons Ban in 2004. As a result, and in the absence of significant legislative change, semi-automatic rifles have become the weapon of choice for lone-actor terrorists in the US.
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