Abstract
The old surface that extends over a long north-striking belt in northern Chile probably reached the mature stage of erosion by middle Tertiary time. Low areas are mantled by the piedmont deposits of the pampa, and the higher parts exhibit rock decay, oxidation, leaching, and super-gene enrichment of sulfide mineral deposits as a result of deep weathering. The surface and its deposits are deeply eroded south of the main pampa by the Rio Copiapo and its tributaries. Numerous ore deposits in the thick secondary zones have not been eroded, but ore deposits are few in the youthful valleys where the primary zones extend to the surface.
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