Matrix metalloproteinase- 9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1(TIMP-1) as non-invasive biomarkers of remodelling in asthma

Abstract

Rationale: Airway remodelling is clinically defined as persistent airflow obstruction despite aggressive anti-inflammatory therapies. It also leads to a decrease in lung function, and airway hyperresponsiveness. Assessment of airway remodelling by analysis of blood and sputum remodelling markers has been developed that is minimally invasive and bypass tissue biopsy. Aim of the work: Evaluate the usefulness of estimation of serum MMP-9, TIMP-1 and their ratio, as non- invasive markers of airway remodelling in asthmatics. Patients and Methods: The study included 68 asthmatics and 20 controls. The patients were classified according to different levels of asthma control, severity, disease duration. Serum samples were taken to estimate levels of MMP-9, TIMP-1 and their ratio. Results: Serum MMP-9, TIMP-1, and MMP-9/ TIMP-1 ratio were significantly higher in asthmatics than controls, in uncontrolled vs. controlled asthma (P 5 years vs. 1 (p Conclusion: Serum MMP-9, TIMP-1, and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio could be considered as non- invasive markers of airway remodelling that can bypass biopsy sampling. Serum sample is easily handled and not subjected to technical error as sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.