Abstract
Intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy has emerged as a promising method for the treatment of peritoneal malignancies (PMs). However, microenvironmental barriers in the tumor limit the delivery of drug particles and their deep penetration into the tumor, leading to reduced efficiency of treatment. Therefore, new drug delivery systems should be developed to overcome these microenvironmental barriers. One promising technique is magnetically controlled drug targeting (MCDT) in which an external magnetic field is utilized to concentrate drug-coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to the desired area. In this work, a mathematical model is developed to investigate the efficacy of MCDT in IP chemotherapy. In this model, considering the mechanism of drug binding and internalization into cancer cells, the efficacy of drug delivery using MNPs is evaluated and compared with conventional IP chemotherapy. The results indicate that over 60 min of treatment with MNPs, drug penetration depth increased more than 13 times compared to conventional IPC. Moreover, the drug penetration area (DPA) increased more than 1.4 times compared to the conventional IP injection. The fraction of killed cells in the tumor in magnetic drug delivery was 6.5%, which shows an increase of more than 2.5 times compared to that of the conventional method (2.54%). Furthermore, the effects of magnetic strength, the distance of the magnet to the tumor, and the magnetic nanoparticles’ size were evaluated. The results show that MDT can be used as an effective technique to increase the efficiency of IP chemotherapy.
Highlights
Cancers that occur in organs associated with the peritoneal cavity are prone to metastasize to the intraperitoneal space
Two main criteria were considered for the evaluation of the performance of chemotherapy with this method: 1. Fraction of killed cells (FK) was utilized as the major parameter for quantitatively evaluating drug delivery efficiency
Since drug particles do not reach all tumor parts in chemotherapy, this fraction was first studied as the fraction of killed cells in the drug penetration area (FKPA)
Summary
Cancers that occur in organs associated with the peritoneal cavity are prone to metastasize to the intraperitoneal space. Patients with these malignancies experience low quality of life due to the fact of complications such as urinary blockage, ascites, pain, and inability to eat and drink. The side effects of chemotherapy limit the dose of the administered drug In this case, finding a way to concentrate the drug only in the tumor area can be helpful. Magnetically controlled drug targeting (MCDT) is one of the promising techniques that has been used for more than two decades [14] In this method, an external magnetic field facilitates the drug-coated magnetic nanoparticle (MNPs) targeting. This method has traditionally been studied to overcome the blood flow and concentrate MNPs around the blood vessel in systematic injection [10,15,16,17,18,19,20]
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