Abstract
The performance of a batch conical air spouting vessel for conducting ion exchange reactions involving heavy metal removal has been investigated. The performance was measured in terms of volumetric mass transfer coefficient (K). The effect of various parameters such as type of heavy metal ion (Ni2+, Pb2+), superficial air velocity and initial heavy metal concentration has been investigated. It has been found that volumetric mass transfer coefficient increases as air superficial velocity increases. Initial Ni+2 concentrations have two opposing effects on the volumetric mass transfer coefficient, whereas initial Pb+2 concentrations have negligible effect. Dimensional analysis of the present mass transfer data led to the following correlations: For Ni+2 JD=49 (Re*Fr)-0.215 For Pb+2 JD=117.71 (Re*Fr)-0.24 The importance of these mass transfer correlations in the design and operation of gas spouting vessels used for conducting diffusion-controlled reactions was highlighted.
Highlights
Water plays an important role in human beings, natural environment, and social development, but the subsequences of water use are municipal wastewaters and industrial wastewaters
The volumetric mass transfer coefficient can be related to air superficial velocity according to the following equations: For Ni+2
The kinetics of ion exchange has been studied under different conditions such as heavy metal type, initial concentration of heavy metal and air superficial velocities
Summary
Water plays an important role in human beings, natural environment, and social development, but the subsequences of water use are municipal wastewaters and industrial wastewaters. How to treat wastewaters and make them reusable is an important task and an urgent problem to be solved [1] Industrial wastewaters such as those produced by metal plating facilities, mining operations, metallurgical engineering, battery manufacturing processes, the production of paints and pigments, electroplating, nuclear power plants, and ceramic and glass industries contain heavy metals such as copper, zinc, cadmium, lead, nickel, and chromium. These heavy metals are not biodegradable and their presence in streams and lakes leads to bioaccumulation in living organisms, thereby causing health problems in animals, plants, and human beings [2]. Among the heavy metals removal processes, ion exchange process is very effective to remove various heavy metals and the ion exchange resin can be recovered and reused by regeneration operation [4]
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