Abstract
Human monocyte is an important cell type which is involved in various complex human diseases. To better understand the biology of human monocytes and facilitate further studies, we developed the first comprehensive proteome knowledge base specifically for human monocytes by integrating both in vivo and in vitro datasets. The top 2000 expressed genes from in vitro datasets and 779 genes from in vivo experiments were integrated into this study. Altogether, a total of 2237 unique monocyte-expressed genes were cataloged. Biological functions of these monocyte-expressed genes were annotated and classified via Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. Furthermore, by extracting the overlapped genes from in vivo and in vitro datasets, a core gene list including 541 unique genes was generated. Based on the core gene list, further gene-disease associations, pathway and network analyses were performed. Data analyses based on multiple bioinformatics tools produced a large body of biologically meaningful information, and revealed a number of genes such as SAMHD1, G6PD, GPD2 and ENO1, which have been reported to be related to immune response, blood biology, bone remodeling, and cancer respectively. As a unique resource, this study can serve as a reference map for future in-depth research on monocytes biology and monocyte-involved human diseases.
Highlights
The mission of the international Human Proteome Project (HPP) is to help elucidate biological and molecular function and advance diagnosis and treatment of diseases by systematically cataloging all proteins manufactured in the human body, and by generating a map of the protein-based molecular architecture of the human body.Monocytes are a type of white blood cell derived from hemopoietic stem cells in bone marrow
In order to gain a better understanding of monocyte-expressed proteins in human physiology and pathology, we intentionally looked into specific Gene Ontology (GO) terms in the cellular component (CC), molecular function (MF) and biological process (BP) categories respectively to reveal genes which have been well recognized for their association with the immune system, blood, bone, cellular response, muscle, nervous system, and tumors, among others
Dissecting global monocyte proteomics may offer a fresh perspective into understanding monocyterelated biological process and pathology in humans
Summary
Monocytes are a type of white blood cell derived from hemopoietic stem cells in bone marrow. They can usually be distinguished in stained smears by their large kidney shaped or notched nuclei. Monocytes play fundamental roles in human physiology; for example, as part of the human immune system, monocytes play a central role in regulating host inflammatory processes through chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and cytokine production (Jin et al, 2006). Monocytes are involved in muscle system processes (Grunberg et al, 2010), nervous system development (Verkman et al, 2011), regulation of tumor necrosis factor production (Kakazu et al, 2011). Despite the significance of monocytes in human physiology and pathology, the molecular bases underlying their diverse functions are poorly understood
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