Abstract
An electron-beam irradiation reduction method (EBIRM) is a technique to reduce metal ions in an aqueous solution via irradiation with a high-energy electron beam. In this study, an EBIRM is improved to develop a technique for the mass production of highly loaded and highly dispersed PtRu/C catalysts for use as direct methanol fuel cell anodes. An increase in the Pt and Ru input concentrations increased the loading weight from 9 to 37 wt%; however, the dispersibility of the PtRu nanoparticles on the carbon particles decreased. To improve the low dispersibility, sodium phosphinate was added to the precursor solution and the input amount of carbon particles was decreased. These changes resulted in not only highly loaded but also highly dispersed PtRu/C catalysts. The catalytic activity of the highly loaded and highly dispersed PtRu/C catalysts for methanol oxidation was at least 1.6 times higher than that of the lowly loaded and lowly dispersed PtRu/C catalysts in all voltage range. More than 6000 mg of highly loaded and highly dispersed PtRu/C catalysts were relatively easily obtained, and the average particle size of the PtRu nanoparticles was 1.8 nm. These results demonstrated that the improved EBIRM is effective for the mass production of carbon-supported, highly loaded, and highly dispersed metal nanoparticles.
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