Abstract
Mass integration has been used for reducing the amount of process waste and environmental impact. Despite its long history, new challenges constantly arise with the use of process simulation tools offering platforms for rigorous process models. Therefore, the typical mass integration framework requires modifications to accurately account for the process performance. In this work, a novel sequential methodology is presented to realize a recycle network with rigorous process models. Initially, under the hypothesis of constant compositions of the process sources, an optimal ranking of the process sinks is determined. The optimal recycling network thus obtained is then used for a sequential methodology considering rigorous process models. The violations of process constraints are handled at each sequential step through the concept of “tightening constant”. The application of the sequential methodology to two case studies proves its ability to provide good approximations of the global optima with low computational effort.
Highlights
In the wider set of optimization techniques applied to chemical engineering, process integration has proven to be a very useful tool to enhance the profitability of industrial processes and reduce their environmental footprint, through the reduction of raw materials, waste discharge and energy consumption
This study aims at providing new insights in the problem of mass integration coupled with rigorous process modelling, on the basis of a novel sequential approach to realize a direct recycling network
The results provided by the Sequential Mass Integration Without Rigorous Process Modelling (SMINPM) (i.e., maximum recycling target (RTNPM), recycling network (RNNPM) and optimal order of process sinks (OSKNPM)) are used in the Sequential Mass Integration for Rigorous Process Modelling (SMIRPM) to realize a recycling network applying the rigorous process models
Summary
In the wider set of optimization techniques applied to chemical engineering, process integration has proven to be a very useful tool to enhance the profitability of industrial processes and reduce their environmental footprint, through the reduction of raw materials, waste discharge and energy consumption. Many past works proposed graphical approaches (Wang & Smith, 1994; Hallale, 2002; El-Halwagi et al, 2003; El-Halwagi, 2006) and algebraic methods (Sorin & Bedard, 1999; Manan et al, 2004; El-Halwagi, 2006; Foo et al, 2006) to calculate the target for minimum fresh resource and maximum recycling These works mainly focus on continuous, steady state processes, which lie in the background, while the recycling network and its respective maximum recycling target lie in the foreground of the analysis. Interactions between the foreground and the background processes are mainly expressed through the contained impurities in the process sources (i.e., waste streams), the concept of maximum allowable impurity in the process sinks (i.e., process units receiving the recycling streams) and sometimes simplified effects in the form of linear or nonlinear expression between impurities and process related parameters
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