Abstract
The present paper is aimed to analyze the novel A Passage to India from the Marxist perspective. For the analysis, the major theoretical insights have been taken from Marxist critics including Luckas (1968) and Antonio Gramci (1988). The analysis is thematic in nature. Generally, we see that Marxist criticism takes in consideration that the capitalist society is divided into haves and haves not. Lucaks (1968) considers that Marxist ideology can be extended from mere class conflicts to the class and caste system, gender, and race also. Therefore, this analysis has been extended from the simple Marxist category of class conflicts to the exploitation of the underdeveloped and developed, colonizer and the colonized, religion as well. Gramscian model Marxist criticism considers ideology as superstructure and state apparatuses as discursive tools of exploitation. In relation to Marxist critique, we see that the relationship of both bourgeoisie and proletariat classes is parallel to the colonizer and colonized in imperialist conditions. At present Marxist criticism also includes slavery as an outcome of socio and economic un-equality. Marxist criticism counts religion as a marker of raising class consciousness. It has been found in the study that the English people and administrative were the men of resources in India. The English had exploited the Indians on account of being without resources. In the conclusion, A Passage to India as a piece of literature represents the ideological and class-based relations based on economic relations. Keywords: Marxist ideology, Class Conflict, Class Consciousness, Religion and Race
Highlights
We can say that India provided a very striking and mysterious background to E.M Forster because of which he was able to have had some sort of varied perspective of Indian civilization, the clash of different cultures, different synoptic modes of life, people with diverse temperaments and time-honored moral and social and religious values
In Foster’s A Passage to India, the idea of class and race includes the colonizers and the colonized, the black and the white. If we consider this novel from the perspective of Marxist criticism, we see that Foster seems successful in depicting the real situation of class consciousness in Indian context
Cultural and geographical advance in the fictional texts Marxist perspective raising the category of class consciousness
Summary
Yasir khan Assistant Professor, Government Graduate College Block No 17 Dera Ghazi khan, Punjab, Pakistan. Lucaks (1968) considers that Marxist ideology can be extended from mere class conflicts to the class and caste system, gender, and race . This analysis has been extended from the simple Marxist category of class conflicts to the exploitation of the underdeveloped and developed, colonizer and the colonized, religion as well. Gramcian model Marxist criticism considers ideology as superstructure and state apparatuses as discursive tools of exploitation. Marxist criticism counts religion as a marker of raising class consciousness. It has been found in the study that as the English people and administrative were the men of resources in India.
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