Abstract
Nigeria is a signatory to International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) conventions and codes relating to ports and other maritime facilities. The Federal Government through its relevant agencies has taken some steps to domesticate and implement the provisions therein. In spite of the measures implemented so far, maritime security related problems still beset the national ports which have impacted on their performance. The purpose of this paper was to assess the impacts of port security regimes on security incidents and performance of Nigerian ports. Copies of structured Likert scaled copies of questionnaire were designed for this study. These were randomly administered to port operators and port users operating in Tincan Island port and Apapa ports complex. Their opinion on observed security incidents at the ports was elicited using the instrument. The primary data so obtained were augmented with secondary data on cargo and vessel throughputs handled at the ports. These were used as measures of port performance. To test the hypotheses governing the study, we applied the Partial Least Squares model to examine the relationship between port security regimes (proxied by port security measures) and port security incidents and port performance. The result showed that application of appropriate security measures can engender significant reductions in port security incidents and improved port performance. The policy implications of study findings were discussed.
Highlights
IntroductionA number of security regimes spearheaded by International Maritime Organization (IMO) and USA, have been introduced at the local and international level to secure the oceans, ships, maritime trading routes and maritime trade
The results showed that implementation of appropriate security measures can engender significant reductions in port security incidents and improved port performance
The findings suggest that significant improvement in the level of port security measures could lead to improved port performance and reduction in security incidences
Summary
A number of security regimes spearheaded by IMO and USA, have been introduced at the local and international level to secure the oceans, ships, maritime trading routes and maritime trade Notable examples of these include: International Ship and Port facility Security (ISPS) code, the Maritime Transportation Security Act of 2002 (MTSA), the Advance Manifest System (AMS/24 hour rule), the Container Security Initiative (CSI), the Technology Asset Protection Association (TAPA), Suppression of Unlawful Act against safety of Navigation (SUA), the U.S Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism (C-TPAT), and the Smart and Secure Trade-lane (SST) program. The introduction and administration of these instruments have defined security regimes at sea, in ports and associated transportation networks It provided a legal framework for further maritime security cooperation at regional and global level
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