Abstract
An increasing prevalence of diabetes is known as a main risk for human health in the last future worldwide. There is limited evidence on the potential management of type 2 diabetes mellitus using bioactive peptides from marine organisms, besides from milk and beans. We summarized here recent advances in our understanding of the regulation of glucose metabolism using bioactive peptides from natural proteins, including regulation of insulin-regulated glucose metabolism, such as protection and reparation of pancreatic β-cells, enhancing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and influencing the sensitivity of insulin and the signaling pathways, and inhibition of bioactive peptides to dipeptidyl peptidase IV, α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities. The present paper tried to understand the underlying mechanism involved and the structure characteristics of bioactive peptides responsible for its antidiabetic activities to prospect the utilization of rich marine organism proteins.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus is known as a seriously chronic metabolism disorder
The discovery of novel ocean bioactive peptides is one of the most exciting new directions of pharmaceutical science due to their nutritional attributes, large output and uniqueness in terms of diversity, and structural and functional features with respect to peptides isolated from terrestrial plants
The diverse nature of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) means that food ingredients, such as natural peptides, will be more suitable for combating it and its associated complications than the synthetic and other drugs with significant side effects in the long term
Summary
Diabetes mellitus is known as a seriously chronic metabolism disorder. According to the forecast, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) will increase from 350 million today to 592 million by 2035 [1]. Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) is regarded as a complementary medicine, due to its supplements, and exhibited benefits for some health disorders, such as dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension as well as weight loss in several studies [7,8]. These results indicated that the natural marine bioactive peptides can improve the deleterious process of T2DM. Few reports involved antidiabetic activities of marine natural peptides can be found in literature in our knowledge. Drugs 2017, 15, 88 activity and the structure characteristics of bioactive peptides responsible for its antidiabetic activities were carefully discussed for the future novel marine peptides investigation
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