Mapping the STEM-Creativity Nexus: A Bibliometric and SLR Analysis of Learning Models, Barriers, and Future Directions in Science Education

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of learning models on students' creative thinking abilities in mathematics, the influence of learning interest on students' creative thinking abilities and the interaction of learning models and learning interests on students' creative thinking abilities. The research method used was an experiment conducted at schools in Serang District, namely at SMAN 1 Pontang and SMAN 1 Tirtayasa class XI IPA even semester by taking a sample of one school as an experimental class and one other school as a control class with the population being all students of class XI IPA and the samples are students of class XI IPA 4 of SMAN 1 Pontang and class XI IPA 1 of SMAN 1 Tirtayasa with a random sampling technique that is a random sampling strategy based on the assumption that members of the population are homogeneous. Data is collected by testing the ability to think creatively and through interest in learning mathematics. Analysis of data with descriptive statistical methods, with two-way ANAVA test. This research was conducted in March to June 2014. The results of the study with the two-way ANAVA test showed: (1). There is an influence of learning models on students' creative mathematical thinking abilities, this can be proven by the value of F = 37,202 and sig.0,000 <0.05 (2). There is an influence of interest in learning on students' mathematical creative thinking abilities. This can be proven by the value of F = 136,463 sig. = 0.00 <0.05 (3). There is no effect of interaction between learning models and learning interest on students' creative mathematical thinking abilities. This can be proven by the value of F = 1,293 sig. 0.260> 0.05. The implication of this is that an educator must be able to design or design learning activities effectively, attractively and fun with a variety of learning methods in accordance with the learning material and students 'abilities in an effort to improve students' mathematical creative thinking abilities. Jigsaw model can be a reference in learning activities.The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of learning models on students' creative thinking abilities in mathematics, the influence of learning interest on students' creative thinking abilities and the interaction of learning models and learning interests on students' creative thinking abilities. The research method used was an experiment conducted at schools in Serang District, namely at SMAN 1 Pontang and SMAN 1 Tirtayasa class XI IPA even semester by taking a sample of one school as an experimental class and one other school as a control class with the population being all students of class XI IPA and the samples are students of class XI IPA 4 of SMAN 1 Pontang and class XI IPA 1 of SMAN 1 Tirtayasa with a random sampling technique that is a random sampling strategy based on the assumption that members of the population are homogeneous. Data is collected by testing the ability to think creatively and through interest in learning mathematics. Analysis of data with descriptive statistical methods, with two-way ANAVA test. This research was conducted in March to June 2014. The results of the study with the two-way ANAVA test showed: (1). There is an influence of learning models on students' creative mathematical thinking abilities, this can be proven by the value of F = 37,202 and sig.0,000 <0.05 (2). There is an influence of interest in learning on students' mathematical creative thinking abilities. This can be proven by the value of F = 136,463 sig. = 0.00 <0.05 (3). There is no effect of interaction between learning models and learning interest on students' creative mathematical thinking abilities. This can be proven by the value of F = 1,293 sig. 0.260> 0.05. The implication of this is that an educator must be able to design or design learning activities effectively, attractively and fun with a variety of learning methods in accordance with the learning material and students 'abilities in an effort to improve students' mathematical creative thinking abilities. Jigsaw model can be a reference in learning activities.

Education is an effort made by the government to create an atmosphere in the learning process for students to be active in building their potential. In the educational process, students are expected to have religious values, be able to control themselves, personality, intelligent, intellectual, moral, and skilled. Students in schools are asked to have 21st-century skills, namely the appearance known as "4C", one of which is creative thinking skills. To realize this, the role of teachers in schools is needed as educators. In the learning process, the learning model needs to be considered by a teacher for the learning objectives to be achieved. The learning model is (Project Based Learning) which reveals whether the learning model influences the creative thinking of high school biology students, researchers conduct literature reviews related to this. The method in this study is a literature review method, namely analyzing relevant articles with a descriptive type qualitative approach by including the keywords "Project Based Learning" and "creative thinking ability". The result of this literature review is that the PJBL (Project Based Learning) learning model has a significant effect on the ability to think in high school biology class students. In addition to the syntax of the PJBL (Project Based Learning) model which can require students to solve problems in the form of projects so that students can think creatively, other things also support the use of the PJBL (Project Based Learning) learning model such as the use of interesting media-assisted or the use of supporting student worksheets.

The creative mathematical thinking abilities of 9th-grade students at SMP N 1 2x11 Enam Lingkung are lacking. This is evident in their difficulty generating multiple ideas and struggling to find solutions when tackling exercise questions. Introducing the Creative Problem Solving (CPS) learning model is proposed as a potential solution to this issue. This study aims to compare the mathematical creative thinking skills of 9th-grade students at SMP N 1 2x11 Enam Lingkung who are exposed to the CPS learning model. Using a Quasi-Experimental design, specifically a Randomized Control Group Only Design, the study selects class IX.A as the experimental group and class IX.E as the control group. The results of this study obtained the average score of mathematical creative thinking ability in the experimental class (CPS) which was 78.125, while in the control class with scientific learning, it was 68.125. From the data processing of students' mathematical creative thinking skills, it was carried out through a t-test, so that, .= 6.3192 while in df = 62 with a confidence level of 95% was obtained. 1.99. Because of, . 6.3192 > . 1.99. Therefore, it is concluded that the mathematical creative thinking ability of students by applying the CPS type cooperative learning model is higher than the mathematical creative thinking ability of students with scientific learning Kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa kelas IX SMP N 1 2x11 Enam Lingkung belum berkembang dengan baik. Hal ini ditunjukkan saat siswa menjawab soal latihan yang diberikan siswa belum mampu menghasilkan banyak ide dan tidak lancar dalam menemukan solusi. Menerapkan model pembelajaran Creative Problem Solving (CPS) menjadi salah satu cara untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa kelas IX di SMP N 1 2x11 Enam Lingkung yang belajar menggunakan model pembelajaran CPS. Jenis penelitian ini adalah True Experiment, dan desain Randomized Control Grup Only Design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IX dan sampel terpilih kelas IX.A untuk eksperimen dan kelas IX.E untuk kontrol. Hasil penelitian ini mendapatkan nilai rata-rata kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis kelas eksperimen (CPS) yaitu 78,125, sedangkan pada kelas kontrol dengan pembelajaran saintifik yaitu 68,125. Dari pengolahan data kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa dilakukan melalui uji-t, sehingga diperoleh = 6,3192 sedangkan pada df = 62 dengan taraf kepercayaan 95% diperoleh 1,99. Karena 6,3192 > 1,99. sehingga disimpulkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe CPS lebih tinggi daripada kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa dengan pembelajaran saintifik

Purpose of the study: This study aims to obtain information related to efforts to improve students' creative thinking abilities in science learning. Methodology: The review method was chosen to obtain research journals with keywords in students' creative thinking abilities in science learning with Google Scholar reference sources. Twenty five journals were reviewed based on author (year), research design, creative thinking skills, and findings. Main Findings: Based on a study of 25 articles, the application of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model and the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model is an effort to improve creative thinking skills in science learning. Novelty/Originality of this study: This research can contribute to the world of education, especially in evaluating science learning.

The competency of creative thinking for students is very important in the era of global competition because of the level of complexity. This is because creative thinking skills are included in the six competencies that must be possessed in competition in the 21st century. This is because creative thinking skills are included in the six competencies that must be possessed in facing competition in the 21st century. Project-based learning is one method that can be used to train and improve students' creative thinking skills. This research aims to analyze students' critical thinking abilities through a project-based learning model in environmental knowledge courses. The method used in this research is descriptive. The research subjects consisted of 38 participants. The instrument used in this research is an essay test, and four indicators of creative thinking skills are considered: fluency thinking, flexible thinking, original thinking, and elaboration ability. The data analysis technique used is descriptive. The research results show that students' creative thinking abilities in environmental knowledge courses are in the high (creative) category, with a total score for all indicators is 74,75. It indicates that project-based learning is an effective strategy adapted to train and improve students' creative thinking abilities. Project-based learning is an innovative student-centered learning method where students can work autonomously to construct their learning. This is thought to cause students' creative thinking ability scores in environmental knowledge courses to be in the high category.

This study intends to determine whether there is a difference in the creative thinking and mathematical collaboration abilities of students with the problem-based learning model and discovery learning model by learning media. The type of research used is quasi-experimental, a nonequivalent control group design. The research sample was 58 students from two elementary schools using the cluster random sampling technique. The data collection technique was carried out using a test and observation sheet, which were analyzed descriptively. The findings of the study indicated that (1) there is a difference in the creative thinking abilities of fourth-grade elementary school students between students taught the problem-based learning model and the discovery learning model. This finding is based on the results of the Paired-Sample T-Test analysis, which obtained a Sig value of 0.028 < 0.05. (2) There is a difference in the ability of fourth-grade elementary school students to collaborate in mathematics between students taught by the problem-based learning model and the discovery learning model. This is based on the results of the Paired-Sample T-Test analysis, which obtained a Sig value of 0.001 < 0.05. (3) For fourth-grade students, problem-based learning has a greater impact on their creative thinking and collaboration abilities compared to the discovery learning model. This is based on the results of the MANOVA analysis, which obtained a significant value of creative thinking ability showing 0.040 < 0.05 and a significant value of collaboration ability showing 0.001 < 0.05, so it can be concluded that H0 is rejected, and Ha is accepted.

The ability to think creatively is the ability to find many possible answers to a problem, where the emphasis is on the quantity, appropriateness, and diversity of answers. Education must equip students with skills that can be used to overcome the problems faced by students. Understanding of self-ability must also be considered so that the characteristics of students' creative thinking ability in solving a problem can be clearly known. The use of problem-based learning can be the right learning model to improve students' creative thinking skills. This study aims to determine the influence of the problem-based learning (PBL) learning model on students' creative thinking ability in solving problems. This study is a quantitative research with a non-equivalent control group design. The research was conducted at SD Negeri 1 Glanggang Pakisaji with the subjects of class VI B as the control class and class VI A as the experimental class. The research instrument consists of teaching modules, creative thinking ability tests, and guidelines for assessing students' creative thinking ability in solving problems. Data analysis was carried out with the help of the SPSS 25 program. The results of the study show that (1) The PBL learning model has a positive and significant influence on students' creative thinking ability in solving problems. (2) There was a significant difference in students' creative thinking ability in solving problems in the experimental class and the control class as evidenced by the average N-Gain test of the control class was 15.77% (ineffective) while the average N-Gain test of the experimental class was 66.44% (quite effective). Students' creative thinking ability in solving problems in the control class was classified as medium (96.16), while in the experimental class it was classified as very high (140.16). (3) The PBL learning model is more effective in improving students' creative thinking skills in solving problems when compared to the conventional learning model. Problem-based-learning can be an alternative learning model to improve students' creative thinking skills in solving problems.

This research aims to examine students' mathematical creative thinking abilities using a problem-based learning model. The method used in this research is the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. Problem Based Learning can be an effective alternative in improving students' creative mathematical thinking abilities in the context of statistics learning. Further research is needed to explore more deeply the mechanisms and strategies that are effective in developing creative mathematical thinking abilities through a STEM-based Problem Based Learning approach.

Creative thinking ability is one of the essential demands of 21st-century learning, which needs to be supported by science process skills to foster deeper understanding and meaningful learning experiences. However, science learning in schools is still largely dominated by lecture methods with minimal practical activities, resulting in students being less active, untrained in creative thinking, and rarely engaged in scientific processes. This study aims to investigate the effect of the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model with a STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) approach on students’ creative thinking ability and science process skills in the topic of elements, compounds, and mixtures. The research employed a quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design for creative thinking ability and a posttest-only control group design for science process skills. The sample consisted of two eighth-grade classes selected through random sampling, with 30 students in each class. One class was assigned as the experimental group, taught using the STEM-based PjBL model, while the other served as the control group using conventional instruction. Research instruments included essay tests and observation sheets. Data analysis using the t-test revealed a significant effect on creative thinking ability (p = 0.001, p < 0.05) and science process skills (p = 0.004, p < 0.05). The novelty of this study lies in the integration between the design of PjBL and the STEM approach, with systematic measurement of two important indicators of 21st-century learning: creative thinking and science process skills, in the context of applied basic chemistry topics. Thus, the findings affirm that integrating PjBL with STEM is effective in fostering 21st-century skills. Based on these results, it is recommended that innovative and contextually relevant projects be designed to support the development of meaningful science learning.

Creative thinking is a high-order thinking skill that is considered to be an important skill to succeed. Creative thinking abilities include fluency in thinking, flexibility of thinking, originality of thinking, and detailed thinking (elaboration). The lack of teaching materials on the topic of heat transfer and the inability to think creatively about the topic negatively affect students. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the need for the development of an e-module using the Flipbook Maker application. The need analysis for the e-module was analyzed in line with creative thinking abilities to support online learning. This study used a qualitative method, with the research subjects being teachers and students of grade VII of Junior High School in Sukoharjo. Data collection techniques employed were questionnaires and interviews, in which the data were then analyzed descriptively. The study revealed that students’ creative thinking abilities were still low on indicators of flexibility and originality. For these reasons, project-based learning (PJBL) is a learning model that can be applied to improve students’ creative thinking abilities. In addition, teachers and students need e-modules to support the online learning process. Thus, this research can be elaborated by developing a natural science e-module assisted by a Flipbook Maker based on PJBL to improve students’ creative thinking abilities. Keywords: Science e-Modules, Project Based Learning, Creative Thinking Ability

This research aims to examine efforts that can be made to improve students creative thinking abilities in science learning. The method used is a literature review. The literature review method is used to identify, examine, evaluate, and interpret all available research on the topic area of an interesting phenomenon, with certain relevant research questions. Several learning models that can be used to improve students creative thinking abilities in science learning include project-based learning, problem-based learning¸ talking stick, guided inquiry and pictures and pictures. Searching for articles through literature studies resulted in 25 articles that met the criteria and were relevant for review. The research results show that there are many learning models that can be applied in science learning to improve students creative thinking abilities. Based on the results of literature studies, it shows that the picture and picture learning model is the most effective model for improving students creative thinking abilities, which is characterized by an average achievement of students creative thinking abilities of 93.76. The range for the number of articles with the highest value that often appears is in the 60-80 range.

This study aimed at determining the effectiveness of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model in empowering the creative thinking skills of elementary school students in Pagergunung Ulujami Pemalang in social studies (IPS) learning. The research population was all fifth graders of the elementary school in Pagergunung Ulujami, Pemalang Regency, the sample of this study was taken using quasi-experimental, while data collection technique used pre-test and post-test techniques on students' creative thinking abilities. Meanwhile, the statistical test analysis technique used the proportion test and the difference between the two proportions. The results showed a significance level of 5%. The conclusions of the study are: (1) PBL model is effective in the aspect of students' creative thinking abilities, but less effective in the aspect of problem-solving abilities in IPS learning, (2) PBL model is more effective than conventional learning in both students' creative thinking and problem-solving ability.

This research examines the effect of the blended project-based learning (PjBL) model and creative thinking ability on engineering students' drawing learning outcomes. Using a pre and post-test quasi-experimental design, the research included a sample of 80 students from two different classes at the Faculty of Engineering, UNIMED, North Sumatra, Indonesia. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics through two-way ANOVA. Subsequently, the results showed that the members of experimental group I, comprising students who participated in the blended PjBL model, obtained the highest engineering drawing learning outcomes. The creative thinking ability outcomes of the students taught with this model were higher than those of the group II students who used the ordinary blended learning model. However, those with low thinking abilities taught with the ordinary model exhibited higher learning outcomes than the experimental group. These results show an interaction between the effect of the PjBL model and creative thinking ability on the learning outcomes of engineering students. Therefore, lecturers need to use a blended PjBL model to ensure improved outcomes, alongside enhancing students' creative thinking abilities to increase the model's effectiveness.

Project-based learning is a method of learning by doing projects and producing products. The product produced in this project-based learning is a short film. Creative Thinking is one of the highest levels of abilities that students should have at this time. Creative thinking is also able to make students break down new problems more effectively, even allowing students to produce new discoveries to help in everyday life. This study aims to determine the effect of project-based learning models in short filmmaking to improve students' creative thinking abilities on the concept of environmental pollution. The study was conducted on April 21, 2021 to May 21, 2021. The sample in this study consisted of 76 10th-gradestudent of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of State High School 3 Serang City with sample groups namely experimental and control. The instrument used is a creative thinking test instrument. The data were analyzed using independent sample t-test to analyze the effect of project-based learning in making short films on creative thinking skills. The results showed: (1) project-based learning in short filmmaking had an effect on increasing students' creative thinking abilities (2) the experimental class had higher creative thinking abilities than the control class.

The aimed of this study were: 1) to determine the significant difference between the effect of project-based learning and direct learning model on students’ result of learning in cognitive domain, and 2) to find out the significant difference between the effect of project-based learning and direct learning model on students’ creative thinking ability before and after learning. Population of the study included all students of class VII at SMP Negeri 02 Rumbia. who enrolled in second semester of 2020/2021 academic year. Samples of the study were class VII.2 consisting of 25 students, as a control class, and class VII.5 consisting of 23 students as an eVIIperimental group. The result showed that: 1) there was a significant difference between the project-based learning model and the direct learning model in their effect on students’ results of learning in cognitive domain; and 2) there was a significant difference between the project-based learning model and the direct learning model in their effect on students’ creative thinking ability before and after learning. Thereby, project based learning had significant effect on students’ result of learning in cognitive domain and creative thinking ability before and after learning of temperature and calorie.