Mapping the literature on Digital and Technological Solutions in nursing: a scoping review protocol.

Challenges during implant-assisted prosthetic rehabilitation in fibula reconstructed jaws and its management: a scoping review protocol.

ObjectivesSame day emergency care (SDEC) is a new model of care, which has emerged over the past 5 years, building on prior ambulatory care services. The National Health Service (NHS)...

Virtual simulation can have a positive impact on student outcomes; still, guidance from an educator and a reliable connection to the internet are cited as important factors for a positive learning experience. However, when students are asked to complete the simulation outside of class time, it remains unknown how their experience is impacted. The objective of this scoping review is to answer the question: What are health professional student experiences with We will include published peer-reviewed evidence about any health professional student completing virtual simulation outside of a course context. To be included, the virtual simulation activity needs to be required as part of a course. We will use the scoping review methodology from the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Published literature will be located through Medline and Embase (via Ovid), CINAHL, Education Source Complete and ERIC (via Ebsco) and the Web of Science Core Collection. We will search for qualitative, quantitative and mixed-method studies written in English, French or Portuguese. No date limit will be applied. Two reviewers will independently screen articles in the Covidence systematic review management software. Data will be extracted and presented in a narrative summary with tables.

With advancements in modern medicine, an increasing number of youth with complex care needs (CCN) survive into adulthood. As service demands increase for this group, challenges exist on how to best facilitate meeting their needs as they transition from pediatric to adult health care. There is growing evidence of young adults describing their transition experiences and suggesting improvements to the design and delivery of these services. By synthesizing the existing literature, an increased understanding can be gained about the recommendations of those who have recently transitioned from pediatric to adult health care, thus improving both patient outcomes and experiences. This scoping review aims to comprehensively map recommendations on how to improve the transition from pediatric to adult health care based on the experiences of young adults (aged 18-30) with CCN. This study protocol outlines a scoping review of peer-reviewed and grey literature, following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review methodology. Literature will be identified using a comprehensive search strategy developed by a JBI-trained librarian. Papers involving primary studies with recommendations of young adults recently transitioned from pediatric to adult care will be included. Search strategy results will be screened by two independent reviewers and included studies will have duplicates removed and charted according to a modified PRISMA flow diagram. Working with the Centre for Research in Integrated Care at the University of New Brunswick, knowledge translation activities will involve targeted communication channels to a variety of knowledge users, such as researchers, clinicians, and policymakers. Keywords: pediatric to adult transition, transition experience, complex care needs, scoping review, quality improvement, patient engagement

Background: Systematic Conservation Planning (SCP) involves a series of steps to identify conservation areas and develop management strategies, incorporating feedbacks, revisions, and iterations at any stage. It is a valuable tool in facilitating the effective implementation of Ecosystem-Based Marine Spatial Planning (EB-MSP). However, few efforts have been carried out to summarize information on methods, trends, and progress in SCP in the designation of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). The present work aims at providing the protocol to perform a scoping review (ScR) to assess the contribution of SCP to the design of effective MPA networks, identifying both the development of good practices and the presence of gaps of knowledge in terms of criteria for their implementation. Protocol: The ScR will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for ScRs supported the definition of this protocol. The three databases Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar will be used for the bibliographic search. Inclusion criteria will be as follows: studies applying SCP in the marine realms worldwide, assessing its contribution to the design of MPA networks. Both peer-reviewed and grey literature will be considered for eligibility. No search limitations will be applied regarding publications' year, stage, subject area and source type. Studies in English, French, German, Greek, Italian, and Spanish will be reviewed. Grey literature will be sourced from pre-print archives, institutional websites and other web-based search engines. The Covidence software will be used for the process of documents selection and data extraction. The findings of the ScR will be presented through tables, graphs, and maps, accompanied by a narrative summary of the outcomes. Conclusions: This comprehensive approach will provide a visual representation of the data, enhancing the understanding and interpretation of the results.

The purpose of this article is to clearly describe how to develop a robust and detailed scoping review protocol, which is the first stage of the scoping review process. This paper provides detailed guidance and a checklist for prospective authors to ensure that their protocols adequately inform both the conduct of the ensuing review and their readership. Scoping reviews are a common approach to evidence synthesis for researchers, clinicians, and policymakers across a variety of fields. Scoping reviews are not concerned with making analytical comparisons based on pooling results data from multiple primary sources of evidence, but rather on collating and describing the evidence and presenting the summation in a clearly illustrated format. Methods for undertaking and reporting scoping reviews continue to be refined. Some prospective reviewers may be uncertain how to plan, structure, and report scoping review protocols, as there is little or no specific guidance for scoping review protocols yet available. This guidance was developed by members of the JBI Scoping Review Methodology Group based on previous experience and expertise in developing scoping review and evidence synthesis methodologies, protocols, and reviews, as well as through experiences working with and guiding authors to develop scoping review protocols. Elements of a comprehensive scoping review protocol are outlined and explained in detail. Knowledge users of evidence syntheses rely on clear and transparent reporting to understand and use the results of published work to drive evidence-based improvements within health care and beyond. It is hoped that readers will be able to use this guidance when developing protocols to assist them in planning future scoping reviews and to carry them out with a high degree of transparency.

Review question/objective Public health interventions are often implemented directly by government and so have an observational, rather than experimental, evidence base that may not be captured in traditional academic published sources. There is, therefore, a need to determine whether this grey literature is being actively sought when evaluating the effectiveness of public health interventions through systematic literature review; and also whether the inclusion of this grey literature has an impact on the conclusions of systematic literature reviews (SRs) evaluating public health interventions. This is particularly important as the findings of systematic literature reviews are increasingly used to inform public health policy decisions. Where possible, the sources used to obtain the grey literature in the included SRs will be categorised. As the prevention of childhood obesity is a major emerging public health issue in developed countries, this has been chosen as the topic for this methodological systematic review. The review question is: What is the impact of findings from grey literature on the outcomes of systematic reviews on interventions to prevent obesity among children? Primary Review Objective is to evaluate the impact of findings from grey literature on the results of systematic reviews on prevention of childhood obesity. Secondary Review Objective is to determine the ratio of black to grey literature (definitions are provided in Background) included in the eligible systematic reviews; to determine the study design of the grey literature included in SRs. Background By 2025 obesity rates are predicted to rise in Australia by 65% despite the myriad substantial efforts of a multiplicity of interventions and strategies from the public health sector, particularly those at the community or small unit level.1 Childhood obesity often persists into adulthood, and these strongly established links to adult obesity along with all the attendant risks and consequences make childhood a natural starting point for a closer examination of prevention literature.2,5-6 It also provides a logical focus for early intervention and therefore an abundance of literature exists in the field. Recent literature increasingly supports the argument that high level policy, regulation and legislation is required to prevent childhood obesity, and that whole-of-population, whole-of -environment approaches need to be developed and implemented.7-8 However while policy: “a set of plans to establish and achieve the desired performance goals of a group or organisation”9 abounds, and often confounds10 successes remain generally elusive. To be genuinely evidence-informed, policy needs to access systematic reviews which provide summary conclusions derived from their critical assessments and syntheses of the relevant evidence base. To be comprehensive and representative this base should include, or at least consider, “grey literature and unpublished studies”.11There are two types of literature which could be included in systematic reviews and are known colloquially as black and grey. Black literature is that which is published in academic, scholarly journals. Grey literature, which is usually defined as “Information produced on all levels of government, academia, business and industry in electronic and print formats not controlled by commercial publishing i.e. where publishing is not the primary activity of the producing body”12, takes many different forms13 but is essentially documents that have not been formally published, and have commonly not been peer-reviewed.14 Research institutes for example, produce working papers, technical and consensus reports, issues papers and policy briefs which have valuable content to impart and constitute grey literature. In addition the Joanna Briggs Institute, the Cochrane Collaboration and the Campbell Collaboration stipulate that, in addition to black literature, searches for grey and unpublished literature must be conducted by their systematic reviewers in order to avoid publication bias.15 While systematic reviews sum up the best available research on a specific question by “synthesizing the results of several studies”16 decision makers are now often faced with numerous systematic reviews on the same health issue. The next logical and appropriate step is an overview of systematic reviews, to synthesise and summarise the findings17 and if the overview is itself a systematic review, then the end result should provide stronger and even more comprehensive evidence. A recent dialogue of Australian public health professionals and dietitians emphasised the advocacy approach to obesity prevention, settling on the tripartite strategy of “political commitment, multi-sectoral support and community engagement.”18 It is this complexity of approach that may benefit from an examination of the grey literature (GL) supporting these policies. Simkhada's view19 that GL is needed to fill the information gap as “an essential part of the evidence base for practice in complex interventions, which may have multi-stakeholders, have multi-variables, have a lack of predictability and robust data and require a broad literature approach”, is held by many others20-23. Currently the Australian government is investing in research into the access and preservation of GL in light of its relevance to the development of health policy24. Similarly in 2006 the U.S. National Library of Medicine, aware that policymakers, more than any other research group, found GL especially relevant for context, and for its ability to reflect and map “how debate changes over time on a particular topic”25 commissioned AcademyHealth26 to conduct a research project into the scope and status of this literature. Often the strength of GL lies in the way it can reflect the lay voice, the voice from the field, public opinion: what people think. How can policy succeed when individuals' beliefs and behaviours are at odds with the underlying principles and truths of achieving healthy weight?27-28 Baum and others suggest that we need to look below the surface, focusing on the underlying social determinants of heath rather than “immediate and visible causes” and that the role of public policy should be to shape the social environment so that it is more conducive to good health.29-30 As Australian obesity prevalence continues to rise (in fact no country has managed to reverse obesity trends)31-32, it is reasonable to suggest that policy associated with obesity prevention is at best flawed or limited and possibly under- or ill-informed. As Badger et al argue “it is irresponsible to interfere in the lives of other people on the basis of theories unsupported by reliable empirical evidence”11. Community engagement is a challenging but well-supported aspect of behavioural change in public health. Community receptiveness needs to be gauged and substantiated in creative ways so that it can feed into the information that underpins our policies and supports implementations.33-34. To achieve a greater degree of success in regard to childhood obesity prevention, there is a need to tap into evidence from the widest variety of sources, so as to reflect the complexities of the issue and perceptions of end-users.35 Grey literature is where community attitudes, beliefs, values and opinions might be reasonably expected to be found, and also where pilot programs and case studies assessing the feasibility of public health interventions will have been reported. The degree to which this literature has been accessed and incorporated into the evidence that informs policy may have an impact on the ultimate success or sustained “take-up” of an intervention. To determine the extent to which systematic reviews in the field of child obesity prevention identify and include grey literature in their collated evidence-bases, a comprehensive search of the literature will be undertaken. The resultant systematic reviews will be retrieved and examined for inclusion. Those that do not match the selection criteria will be excluded. The ratio of black to grey literature in the included systematic reviews will be calculated and the proportion of systematic reviews that are grey will be briefly discussed. A comparison of results from grey versus black systematic reviews, and of those systematic reviews with high versus low ratios of included grey literature, will be undertaken to determine whether grey literature changes the findings or interpretation of the outcomes that are assessed. Inclusion criteria Types of studies Systematic reviews of interventions to prevent obesity among children, where there is either meta-analysis or narrative summary or tabular presentation of results. Types of reviews will include those where the primary literature consists of experimental or observational literature. Traditional literature reviews, or narrative reviews not based upon an a-priori protocol and rigorous methodology will be excluded. Qualitative synthesis or mixed methods reviews will also be included. Types of participants The reviews of interest will only include studies on children aged two to 18 years without (at baseline) a diagnosis of obesity, or eating disorders, or co-morbid conditions that pre-dispose to obesity. Types of intervention(s) Public health interventions aimed at obesity prevention that may be applied at the population, community (including schools) or primary care level. Types of outcomes Primary - Obesity prevention will be measured according to body mass index (weight/height2) as calculated against a suitable growth reference e.g. relevant age and .sex growth classification standards, with classification into underweight, healthy weight, overweight, and obese categories.36-37 Outcomes will be grouped according to the type of prevention program implemented. Secondary - Ratio of black to grey eligible systematic reviews; ratio of black to grey studies included in eligible systematic reviews; study designs of grey literature included in eligible systematic reviews; sources used in eligible systematic reviews to obtain grey literature Search strategy The search strategy aims to find both published and unpublished systematic reviews. A three-step search strategy will be utilised in this review. An initial limited search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library will be undertaken to “scope” the literature followed by an analysis of the text words contained in the title and abstract, and of the index terms used to describe article. A second search using all identified keywords and index terms will then be undertaken across all included databases. Thirdly, the reference list of all identified reviews, reports and articles will be searched for additional systematic reviews. Systematic reviews published in English will be considered for inclusion in this review, with no date limitation. The databases to be searched include: ARIF (Aggressive Research Intelligence Facility): Reviews database & Methodology database; Biological Abstracts; Campbell Library; CINAHL; Cochrane Library; EMBASE; ERIC; Google Scholar; INFORMIT: Education, Health and Social Science databases; Medline/PubMed; PAIS; Proquest; PsycInfo; Scopus; Sociological Abstracts; TRIP (Turning Research into Practice) database. The search for unpublished systematic reviews will include: DIPEx - Database of Individual Patient Experiences; EPPI Centre (particularly Obesity and Sedentary Behaviour Database); Google Advanced Search; Google Books; GreyNet; Mednar; Scirus; Social Care Online (SCIE); TROVE (for theses, books); WHOLIS. Major international institutional repositories will also be searched. Journals which will be hand searched include Childhood Obesity, International Journal of Pediatric Obesity, Obesity and Obesity Reviews. Initial search keywords to be used will be: (Obesity OR obese) AND (Child or paediatric or pediatric or adolescent or youth or infant) AND (prevent* or intervent*) AND (systematic review or meta-analys* or meta analys*). Where a thesaurus of descriptors or index terms exists, or the ability to “explode” headings, or limit to years of publication and/or document type, full advantage will be taken of these database-specific features. Searches will comprise of a combination of keywords and other available options designed to maximize the chances of retrieval of eligible studies. An example of a completed reproducible search strategy will be appended to the systematic review report. (Appendix I) All study titles and abstracts will be imported into reference management software, duplicates removed, and each title/abstract reviewed according to the inclusion criteria. The full text paper of each potentially relevant study will then be retrieved and again reviewed for eligibility according to the inclusion criteria. Reasons for exclusion will be documented. In cases where study eligibility is uncertain, a consensus decision will be reached by the co-authors. A final database of included systematic reviews will be produced. A PRISMA flowchart38 will be constructed so that the article selection process is transparent and can be replicated. Assessment of methodological quality Systematic reviews selected for retrieval will be assessed by two independent reviewers for methodological validity using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist for systematic reviews prior to inclusion in the review (Appendix II). Any disagreements that arise between the reviewers will be resolved through discussion, or with a third reviewer. Data collection Data will be extracted using the JBI standardised extraction tool for systematic reviews (Appendix III). The data extracted will include specific details about the phenomenon of interest, populations, study methods and outcomes of significance to the review question and specific objectives. Data synthesis The unit of interest is the pooled body mass index results from the eligible systematic reviews (whether presented as a mean difference in BMI or difference in proportions of underweight, healthy, overweight or obese), grouped according to type of obesity prevention program. As the eligible systematic reviews are likely to include studies presented in other eligible systematic reviews in the evidence base (ie duplicated data), it would not be appropriate to meta-analyse the pooled body mass index results for the same interventions reported in these systematic reviews as it would result in double-counting. As the objective of this systematic review is to determine the impact of grey literature on review results, for each type of childhood obesity prevention program an assessment of the concordance of pooled results between grey and black systematic reviews will be undertaken. ie overlapping confidence intervals of the pooled results, and evaluating the agreement of findings/discrepancy in findings. It will also be determined whether there are patterns or trends in pooled results according to the increasing levels/ratios of grey literature in the included systematic reviews. Potentially, sensitivity analysis will be undertaken and publication bias39 will be examined, both as tests of the impact of Grey Literature if there are a sufficient number of studies A narrative meta-synthesis (i.e. meta-synthesis and narrative summary) of the results for each pre-specified outcome will be presented within subheadings appropriate to each type of obesity prevention program identified and assessed in the included systematic reviews. In the event that any systematic reviews compare results from grey and black literature, these will be presented narratively and potentially meta-analysed if the data are homogenous and not duplicated between systematic reviews. Conflicts of interest No conflicts of interest Acknowledgements This review will form part of a submission for the Masters of Clinical Science and therefore a secondary reviewer Lisa Heuch (LH) will only be used for critical appraisal. LH is a Masters of Clinical Science Candidate, The Joanna Briggs Institute, The University of Adelaide.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques and methodologies for problem solving are emerging as formal tools essential to assist in nursing care. Given their potential to improve workflows and to guide decision making, several studies have been developed; however, little is known about their impact, particularly on decision making. Objective: The aim of this study was to map the existing research on the use of AI in decision making in nursing. With this review protocol, we aimed to map the existing research on the use of AI in nursing decision making. Methods: A scoping review was conducted following the framework proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The search strategy was tailored to each database/repository to identify relevant studies. The contained articles were the targets of the data extraction, which was conducted by two independent researchers. In the event of discrepancies, a third researcher was consulted. Results: This review included quantitative, qualitative and mixed method studies. Primary studies, systematic reviews, dissertations, opinion texts and gray literature were considered according to the three steps that the JBI has defined for scoping reviews. Conclusions: This scoping review synthesized knowledge that could help advance new scientific developments and find significant and valuable outcomes for patients, caregivers and leaders in decision making. This review was also intended to encourage the development of research lines that may be useful for the development of AI tools for decision making.

Self-supporting wound care mobile applications for nurses: A scoping review protocol

IntroductionResearch on effectively navigating older adults into primary care is urgently needed. Community–clinic linkage models (CCLMs) aim to improve population health by linking the health and community sectors in order...

Background: Actions focused on age-friendly environments contribute to promote and maintain older people’s functional ability and may enable them to contribute to their communities and enjoy life. As such, age-friendly practices require collaboration between diverse stakeholders across multiple sectors responsible for natural, built, and social environments, which can be particularly relevant during public health emergencies when socio-ecological vulnerabilities become more salient and may disproportionally affect older people. This paper presents a protocol for a scoping review aiming to investigate the breadth of evidence concerning the development, implementation, and evaluation of age-friendly practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. The protocol sets out the objectives, methods, and dissemination plans for the review.Methods: The scoping review will be conducted in line with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review methodology. We will search databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, PsychNet) and grey literature sources. Publications relating to practices across the 8 domains of the World Health Organization’s age-friendly cities and communities’ framework will be included. A tabular data extraction tool will be used to facilitate a narrative synthesis of results.Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval is not required as the methods proposed for this scoping review consist of collecting publicly available data. Findingswill be reported in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and submitted to a journal for academic dissemination. Lay dissemination plans include an infographic and a blog-style article presenting our core results.Conclusion: The publication of this protocol allows for transparency in the systematic process of a scoping review focused on age-friendly practices during COVID-19.Findings emerging from the scoping review will provide insights into the evidence available regarding age-friendly activities during COVID-19 and may inform future age-friendly practices during public health emergencies and beyond.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has called for the evidence-informed integration of traditional medicine (TM) into health systems. Research rigor requires a good "fit" between research designs and what is being studied. The expectation that TM research fully adheres to biomedical evidentiary norms potentially creates tensions, as TM paradigms have their own distinct features. A scoping review will be conducted to describe and characterize the research approaches used in TM and their paradigmatic alignment with the TM being studied. This scoping review protocol was informed by Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methods. This protocol outlines an a priori conceptual framework, provisionally termed "paradigmatic alignment." The review will include all populations, TM types, research approaches (i.e., methods, methodologies, frameworks, strategies), cultural contexts, and health care settings. Up to 38 English and non-English language databases will be searched sequentially for both published and gray literature until reaching data saturation across relevant concepts and contexts. Analysis will begin deductively, using a pre-piloted data extraction template to describe the TM research approaches. A basic qualitative content analysis of a sample of evidence sources will explore how research approaches are applied or modified to align with the TM therapeutic paradigm, and the manner in which they co-exist, contrast, complement or align with established biomedical research approaches. The findings will be narrated and summarized in charting tables and figures. The review will be reported according to the PRISMA scoping review extension. Consultative engagement with knowledge users across all review stages is planned. Aligned with the principle of Two-Eyed Seeing (Etuaptmumk), wherein Indigenous/traditional and biomedical knowledges may equitably co-exist, this review promises to advance scholarly insights of critical value in an increasingly pluralistic, globalized world.Clinical trial registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier INPLASY2023110071.

IntroductionThere is an urgent need for knowledge about the transgender population to inform the development of clinical protocols and training of health professionals on the unique issues affecting this population....

IntroductionA relationship between long-term metformin use and vitamin B12 deficiency has been long discussed in the literature. Nonetheless, prior to 2022, there was no official guidance. In June 2022, the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) published advice, stating that low vitamin B12 is now considered to be a common side effect. It advises checking levels in patients with symptoms of B12 deficiency, as well as monitoring those at risk of B12 deficiency.Despite efforts to promote evidence-based practice, there is still a gap in the translation of research findings into policies and clinical practice. The above research has been shared widely in the academic and specialist diabetes literature over a prolonged period. The purpose of the scoping review is to explore what evidence is available regarding clinicians’ awareness of the association between metformin use and vitamin B12 deficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, how this evidence is implemented into frontline clinical practice and what screening processes are recommended or exist.Methods and analysisThis is a protocol for a scoping review to be guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews 20. The databases to be searched will include MEDLINE (accessed via PubMed), British Nursing Index, Google Scholar, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) (accessed via EBSCO), alongside searching for grey literature such as Electronic Theses Online Service (EThOS), DART European and Kings College London Research Portal. Titles and abstracts of articles will be reviewed by the authors. If articles are representative of the inclusion criteria, the articles will go through a full-text review by the authors. The results of the search and study inclusion/exclusion process will be reported and presented in a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses flow diagram. Data will be extracted from papers, using the recommended JBI data extraction tool. The search will commence in August 2025, and the review is expected to be completed by November 2025.The search will commence in August 2025, and the review is expected to be completed by November 2025.Ethics and disseminationAs this is a scoping review protocol that did not involve any human participants, human data or human tissue, no ethical approval was required. Our dissemination strategy includes peer review publication, presentation at conferences and with relevant stakeholders.

Forensic mental health nursing (FMHN) is a subspeciality of psychiatric nursing. An area of mental health nursing care that is situated at the intersection of health, social and criminal justice systems. Over the past two decades, FMHN has evolved beyond custodial and containment practice. Contemporary FMHN has an emphasis on therapeutic interventions, identifying patients as partners in care and nursed through a trauma-informed, recovery-orientated lens. Numerous scholars have examined the role of the FMHN and its inherent complexities. However, much of the existing literature is outdated and is limited in scope, describing the role and responsibilities of an FMHN relevant to contemporary practice. This paper maps the literature over the last 20 years to establish what explicitly defines the modern FMHN, specifically examining factors that have shaped the role and influenced patient outcomes and care delivery; including areas of good practice. In line with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidance on scoping reviews, including Arksey and O'Malley's (2005) five-step framework, we will conduct a search within MEDLINE (EBSCO), CINAHL (EBSCO), PsycINFO (Ovid) and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials in the Cochrane Library. The first author conducted a preliminary search in October 2024 to identify literature in this area and a review of keywords to develop the foundation search strategy. The search strategy was constructed in the MEDLINE (EBSCO) database May 2025 by the lead author and an information specialist/librarian. Eligibility criteria of publications written in English, with a date range of 2004-2024, including the first quarter of 2025, forensic mental health nurse population and secure inpatient settings. All extracted literature will be exported into EndNote V.21 in order to support the removal of duplicates and assist in the screening and selection process. A two-step data selection process will include stage one, where two authors independently conduct a preliminary title and abstract screen of all extracted data using a data extraction instrument developed per JBI scoping review guidance. Each paper will be categorised as 'yes', 'no' or 'maybe'. Step two: All documents categorised as 'yes' or 'maybe' will undergo a full-text screening. Narrative summaries and tables will present the results in full. This scoping review will analyse existing published data; therefore, ethical approval is not required. The findings of this review will be presented at local and international conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals. The formal search will commence in June 2025, with an aim to submit in full for peer-review publication by October 2025.